View source for Tramadol

==General==
*Type: Opioid
*Dosage Forms: PO, IM, IV, PR; immediate and extended release formulations; combination formulations with acetaminophen (Tramacet)
*Common Trade Names: Ultram, Ryzolt, Zytram

==Adult Dosing==
===General===
*Moderate to severe pain:
**50-100mg PO q4-6h PRN

*Chronic severe pain: 
**100-300mg ER PO daily

==Pediatric Dosing==
*Not Currently recommended

==Special Populations==
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C
*[[Lactation Risk Categories]]: Probably safe
*Renal Dosing
**Adult: CrCL < 30: given q12h, max 200mg/day
**Pediatric: none
*Hepatic Dosing
**Adult: cirrhosis: 50mg q12h, max 100mg/day
**Pediatric: not defined

==Contraindications==
*Allergy to class/drug
*Asthma, acute
*Respiratory depression
*Severe hepatic impairment
*Severe renal impairment
*Acute alcohol intoxication

==Adverse Reactions==
===Serious===
*Respiratory Depression
*Suicidal ideation
*Seizures
*Anaphylaxis
*Serotonin syndrome
*[[Stevens-Johnson syndrome]]

===Common===
*Nausea
*Rash
*Headache
*Fatigue
*Xerostomia
*Constipation
*Tremor
*Insomnia

==Pharmacology==
*Half-life: 6.3 - 7.9 hour
*Metabolism: Liver
*Excretion: urine
*Mechanism of Action:exact mechanism unknown, binds to mu opioid receptors and weakly inhibits NE/Serotonin reuptake

[[Category:Pharmacology]]