View source for Propofol

==Background==
#Rapid onset (90-100 seconds) and short duration (2-8 minute)
#Wake up after induction dose usually 8-10 min
#Seizure-like activity possible during induction, but safe in seizure disorder (most studies actually support anticonvulsant effect)
#Has significant anti-emetic activity

==Contraindications==
#Allergy to soy or eggs
#Hypotension
#Aortic stenosis

===Higher Risk===
#Pts >55 yr
#Debilitated patients
#Pts w/ significant underlying illness (i.e. ASA physical status score III or IV)
##Optimize volume status before administration
##Largest decrease in systemic BP (vasodilation with only small increase in HR) compared with other induction drugs

==Side Effects==
#Respiratory depression
#Transient hypotension
#Pain at injection site (inject lidocaine 20-40mg IV and fentanyl 50 mcg IV first)

==Dose==
===Standard Induction Sedation===
#Induction = 0.5-1mg/kg IV over 10s, followed by 0.5mg/kg every 2-3 minutes as needed
#Small incremental doses (10-30mg) can slowly be administered to effect

===Other===
#Maintenance dose for sedation between 0.1-0.2/kg/min or 25-50 mg IV prn in healthy pts < 55 yoa
#Antiemetic dosing, 10-20 mg IV or 10 μg/kg/min infusion

===Adjunctive medications===
#Fentanyl or morphine (propofol does not provide analgesia)
#NS for transient hypotension
#Lidocaine flush (to reduce injection pain)

==Pediatric Population==
#Same dosing

==See Also==
*[[Sedation (Main)]]

[[Category:Drugs]]

==References==
Stoelting RK, Miller RD. Basics of Anesthesia. 5th ed. Philadephia, PA: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2007.