View source for Bone tumors and their mimics

==Benign<ref>Czerniak, Bogdan. “Benign Osteoblastic Tumors.” Dorfman and Czerniak's bone tumors. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015, pp. 144 – 199.</ref>==
*[[Giant cell tumor]]
{| {{table}}
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Name'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Presentation'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Radiograph Findings/Location'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Clinical Importance'''
|-
| Chondroblastoma||Bone or joint pain in adolescent||Epiphysis of long bones, may cross growth plate||Growth disturbance, arthritis
|-
| Enchondroma||Soft tissue mass in hands or feet of adolescent; seen in Ollier Disease or Mafucci Syndrome||Metaphysis of long bones in hands or feet; oval lesion with sclerotic edges and central lucency||Malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma if multiple lesions present
|-
| Langerhans cell histiocytosis of bone||Painful swelling of skull in children, typically frontal bone, or long bones||Lytic, punched out lesion||Lesion of skull can be associated with diabetes insipidus or other CNS disease; pathological fracture of long bone
|-
| Osteoblastoma||Adolescent male with chronic pain in spine, most often seen in posterior column||Similar to osteoid osteoma but typically > 2cm||May appear like osteoid osteoma on plain film but DOES NOT respond to Aspirin/NSAIDs
|-
| Osteochondroma||Adolescent male with painless mass over distal femur||Osseous spur that arises from cortex pointing away from joint||Observation without treatment; small risk of transformation to chondrosarcoma 
|-
| Osteoid Osteoma||Adolescent male with bone pain over femur; pain worse at night and unrelated to activity||Radiolucent nidus with sclerotic edges most often seen in proximal femur||Nidus produces prostaglandins, Aspirin/NSAIDs can relieve pain; most soft resolve
|}

==Malignant<ref>Niederhuber, John E., et al. “Sarcomas.” Abeloff's Clinical Oncology E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2019, pp. 1604 – 1654.e8.</ref>==
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Osteosarcoma]]
*[[Chondrosarcoma]]
*[[Ewing sarcoma]]
{| {{table}}
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Name'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Presentation'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Radiograph Findings'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Clinical Importance'''
|-
| Adamantinoma||Bone pain over anterior tibia in adolescent or young adult||Soap bubble osteolytic appearance on plain radiograph||Metastasis to lungs; may need amputation
|-
| Chordoma||Constant pain if in sacrum; neurological deficits if at base of skull, most commonly in cranial nerves to the eye ||Plain radiograph will show a destructive bone lesion often with an associated soft tissue mass||Slow growing but locally aggressive; metastasis is uncommon, local recurrence is much more likely
|-
| Fibrosarcoma and Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma||Similar to osteosarcoma except malignant fibroblasts but less common||Most common in distal femur and proximal tibia||Similar outcome to osteosarcoma
|-
| Primary bone lymphoma||Adult > 40 years of age with bone pain or pathologic fracture||Bone destruction; soft tissue mass||5 year survival is greater than 50% with radiation and chemotherapy
|}

==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Bone tumors and their mimics DDX}}

==See Also==
*[[Benign bone tumors]]
*[[Malignant bone tumors]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Orthopedics]]
[[Category:Heme/Onc]]