View source for IgA nephropathy

==Background==
*Nephritic syndrome, form of chronic [[glomerulonephritis]] caused by deposition of IgA immune complexes in glomeruli
*Slowly progressive

==Clinical Features==
*[[Hematuria]], persistent or recurrent, macroscopic or asymptomatic microscopic
**Gross hematuria initially begins a few days after febrile illness, thus mimicking acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis
*Mild [[proteinuria]]
*+/- [[flank pain]], [[fever]] during acute episodes
*Usually slowly progressive, but rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis manifests initially in <10% of patients

==Differential Diagnosis==
===Hematuria===
*Pediatric patients
**[[Glomerulonephritis]]
**[[UTI]]
**Congenital urinary tract anomaly
*Younger adults
**[[UTI]]
**[[Nephrolithiasis]]
*Older adults
**[[UTI]]
**Neoplasm
**[[BPH]]
*Any age
**[[Schistosomiasis]] (most common cause worldwide)


==Evaluation==
*[[UA]]
**[[Hematuria]], usually with dysmorphic RBCs, occasional RBC casts
**Mild [[proteinuria]]
*BMP
**Creatinine usually normal unless progressed
*Definitive diagnosis with renal biopsy

==Management==
*Usually no treatment required in ED
*[[ACEi]] or [[ARB]] for hypertension, Cr >1.2, or macroalbuminuria
*[[Corticosteroids]] and/or [[cyclophosphamide]] for advanced or rapidly progressive disease

==Disposition==
*Discharge

==See Also==
*[[Glomerulonephritis]]

==External Links==


==References==
https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/glomerular-disorders/immunoglobulin-a-nephropathy
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[[Category:Renal]]