View source for Template:General opioid chart

===General [[Opioid]] Analgesics Chart===
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'''DRUG'''

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'''TYPICAL ADULT DOSE'''

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'''PHARMACOKINETICS'''

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'''COMMENTS'''

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[[Morphine]]

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0.1 mg/kg IV 

10mg IM 

0.3 mg/kg PO

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Onset: 1-2 min (IV), 10-15 min (IM/SC) 

Peak effect: 3-5 min (IV), 15-30 min (IM) 

Duration: 1-2 h (IV), 3-4 h (IM/SC)

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*Histamine release may produce transient hypotension or nausea and emesis, 
**neither require routine adjunctive treatment

|-
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[[Hydromorphone ]]

(Dilaudid)

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0.015 mg/kg IV 

1-2 mg IM

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Onset: 3-5 min (IV) 

Peak effect: 7-10 min (IV) 

Duration: 2-4 h (IV)

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|-
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[[Fentanyl]]

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1.0 mcg/kg IV

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Onset: &lt;1 min (IV) 

Peak effect: 2-5 min (IV) 

Duration: 30-60 min (IV)

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*High doses can cause chest wall rigidity (&gt;5 mcg/kg IV)

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[[Meperidine ]]

(Demerol)

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1.0-1.5 mg/kg IV/IM

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Onset: 5 min (IV) 

Peak effect: 5-10 min (IV) 

Duraction 2-3 h (IV)

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*Contraindicated when patient taking a MAOI
*Neurotoxicity occur when multiple doses given in the presence of renal failure

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[[Oxycodone]]

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5-10 mg PO 

30 mg PR

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Onset: 10-15 min (PO) 

Duration 3-6 h (PO)

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*Possible inadvertent acetaminophen overdose with combination agents

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[[Hydrocodone]]

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5-10 mg PO

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Onset: 30-60 min (PO) 

Duraction 4-6 h (PO)

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*Lower incidence of nausea
*Possible inadvertent acetaminophen overdose with combination agents

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[[Codeine]]

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30-60 mg PO 

30-100 mg IM

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Onset: 30-60 min (PO) 

Duraction: 4-6 h (PO)

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*High incidence of GI side effects
*Some patients cannot convert to codeine-6-glucuronide and morphine
*Possible inadvertent acetaminophen overdose with combination agents

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[[Tramadol ]]

(Ultram)

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50-100 mg PO

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Onset: 10-15 min (PO) 

Duration: 4-6 h (PO)

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*Central nervous system side effects

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