View source for Transfusion infections

==Background==
*Absolute risk of nosocomial infection in conservatively vs liberally transfused patients: 12% vs 17%<ref>Rohde JM, Dimcheff DE, Blumberg N, et al. Health care-associated infection after red blood cell transfusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2014;311(13):1317-26.</ref>
*Bacterial contamination of products, especially platelets
**1 of 2000-3000 platelet transfusions results in bacterial infection<ref>Fuller, A. K., Uglik, K. M., Savage, W. J., Ness, P. M., & King, K. E. (2009). Bacterial culture reduces but does not eliminate the risk of septic transfusion reactions to single-donor platelets. Transfusion, 49(12), 2588-93.</ref>
**Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. [[staph]] due to contamination with skin puncture during collection
**Gram-negative bacteria (e.g. [[e. coli]]) due to asymptomatic bacteremia in donor
**Anaplasmosis, [[brucellosis]], [[ehrlichiosis]] have all been documented<ref>Jereb M, Pecaver B, Tomazic J, et al. Severe human granulocytic anaplasmosis transmitted by blood transfusion. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(8):1354-7.</ref><ref>Economidou J, Kalafatas P, Vatopoulou T, Petropoulou D, Kattamis C. Brucellosis in two thalassaemic patients infected by blood transfusions from the same donor. Acta Haematol. 1976;55:244–249</ref><ref>Regan J, Matthias J, Green-Murphy A, Stanek D, Bertholf M, Pritt BS, Sloan LM, Kelly AJ, Singleton J, McQuiston JH, Hocevar SN, Whittle J. A Confirmed Ehrlichia ewingii Infection Likely Acquired Through Platelet Transfusion, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 56, Issue 12, 15 June 2013, Pages e105–107</ref>
*[[Parasitic infection]]: rare but reported. Those reporting recent travel to malaria-endemic regions are barred from donation
**[[Babesiosis]], [[Chagas]], [[Leishmaniasis]], [[Malaria]]
*Viral infections
**Risk of infection from single transfusion<ref>https://www.redcrossblood.org/donate-blood/blood-donation-process/what-happens-to-donated-blood/blood-transfusions/risks-complications.html</ref> in the US:
**[[HIV]] infection: 1 in 2 million
**[[HBV]]: 1 in 300,000
**[[hepatitis C|HCV]]: 1 in 1.5 million
**[[West nile virus]]: 1 in 350,000
*[[Prion disease]]

==Clinical Features==


==Differential Diagnosis==


==Evaluation==


==Management==


==Disposition==


==See Also==


==External Links==
*[https://www.cdc.gov/bloodsafety/bbp/diseases-organisms.html CDC: Blood Safety]

==References==
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[[Category:Heme/Onc]] [[Category:ID]]