GEMC:Ultrasonography in Emergency Medicine

General

This the main page for the Global Emergency Medicine Curriculum Project's Ultrasounography in Emergency Medicine section. For point of care treatment information see the respective category page and non-GEMC notes.

Overview and Physics of Ultrasound

Book Chapters - May Not Be Open Access

• Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice, 7th ed.
• Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine, 7th ed.: Chapter e299.4. Emergency Ultrasonography

Open Access Journal Articles

• Moore, Christopher L., and Joshua A. Copel. "Point-of-care ultrasonography." New England Journal of Medicine 364.8 (2011): 749-757. http://phes.co/Newengland/Jr.Venkat/Current%20Concepts%20Point-of-Care%20Ultrasonography,%2002-24-2011..pdf
• Hwang, James Q., et al. "An evidence-based approach to emergency ultrasound." Emergency medicine practice (2011): 2. http://www.cbbw.com.br/emergenciasanexo1.pdf
• Lawrence, John P. "Physics and instrumentation of ultrasound." Critical care medicine 35.8 (2007): S314-S322. http://www.sassit.co.za/Journals/Radiology/How%20ultrasound%20works.pdf
• Aldrich, John E. "Basic physics of ultrasound imaging." Critical care medicine 35.5 (2007): S131-S137. http://online.uminho.pt/pessoas/smcn/MAIO/ultra-som/ultrasound%20physics%20Aldrich%202007.pdf

Blogs & Websites

• ACEP Ultrasound Resources http://www.acep.org/content.aspx?id=32182
• Emergency Ultrasound Teaching.com http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/
• Hennepin County Medical Center ED http://www.hqmeded.com/
• NYU EM Ultrasound http://www.nyuemsono.com/
• St. Luke's Roosevelt Ultrasound Division http://www.slredultrasound.com/
• Ultrasound Elective Manual http://www.slideshare.net/Jared56/ultrasound-elective-manual?from_search=3
• Partners In Health: Manual of Ultrasound for Resource-Limited Settings http://www.slideshare.net/pretcat2002/manual-ultrasound
• Raúl Alejandro Núñez Torres and Darryl (Darío) Joseph Macias: Ultrasonido en Urgencias (Spanish) http://d.yimg.com/kq/groups/22038980/1640775404/name/El%20ultrasonido%20en%20la%20sala%20de%20urgencias.pdf
• Beatrice Hoffmann: Introduction http://www.sonoguide.com/introduction.html
• Beatrice Hoffman, C. Heather Rumsey and Matthew S. Nixon: Ultrasound Physics http://www.sonoguide.com/physics.html

Slide Sets

• Mary Ann Edens: Emergency Ultrasound http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CEMQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pediatrics.emory.edu%2Fpem%2F_epg%2Fdocuments%2F37692.ppt&ei=AJQCUpbCMInA9QTE6oDQDg&usg=AFQjCNE4z-YCmus_FHFpjYIpJunBGl760w&sig2=9Mp5YbEhFw21hq8wPX0lZA&bvm=bv.50310824,d.eWU
• Alexis Palley: Ultrasound Physics http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&ved=0CG0QFjAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fslredultrasound.com%2FIntranet%2FFacultyLectures%2FLangsfeld%2FLangsfeld_Physics.ppt&ei=AJQCUpbCMInA9QTE6oDQDg&usg=AFQjCNEqjms6lFkJFHZC6gjAIF-ZkSzhdA&sig2=8WzDK1-L9ExewFPFBAe37Q&bvm=bv.50310824,d.eWU

Videos

• Geoff Hayden: Ultrasound Physics and Knobology http://vimeo.com/8729769 (18min)

Extended Focused Assessment for Sonography in Trauma (eFAST)

Book Chapters - May Not Be Open Access

• Add

Open Access Journal Articles

• Patel, Nirav Y., and Jody M. Riherd. "Focused assessment with sonography for trauma: methods, accuracy, and indications." Surgical Clinics of North America 91.1 (2011): 195-207. http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/FAST15.pdf
• Tsui, Chi Leung, et al. "Focused abdominal sonography for trauma in the emergency department for blunt abdominal trauma." International journal of emergency medicine 1.3 (2008): 183-187. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12245-008-0050-2
• Kirkpatrick, Andrew W. "Clinician-performed focused sonography for the resuscitation of trauma." Crit Care Med 35.5 (2007). http://slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/FAST12.pdf
• Moylan, Mark, et al. "Association between a positive ED FAST examination and therapeutic laparotomy in normotensive blunt trauma patients." The Journal of emergency medicine 33.3 (2007): 265-271. http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/FAST5.pdf
• Lee, Brett C., et al. "The utility of sonography for the triage of blunt abdominal trauma patients to exploratory laparotomy." American journal of roentgenology 188.2 (2007): 415-421. http://emeddev.wustl.edu/documents/PGYIIUtilityofUSPre-lapartomyAJR2007.pdf
• Melniker, Lawrence A., et al. "Randomized controlled clinical trial of point-of-care, limited ultrasonography for trauma in the emergency department: the first sonography outcomes assessment program trial." Annals of emergency medicine 48.3 (2006): 227-235. http://www.emottawa.ca/assets_secure/journal_club/articles/randomized%20controlled%20clinical%20trial%20of%20point%20of%20care%20limited%20ultrasonography.pdf
• Porter, Robert S., et al. "Use of ultrasound to determine need for laparotomy in trauma patients." Annals of emergency medicine 29.3 (1997): 323-330. "Use of Ultrasound to Determine Need for Laparotomy in Trauma Patients." http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/FAST2.pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Robert Reardon: eFAST http://www.sonoguide.com/FAST.html
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: FAST http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/fast

Slide Sets

• Petra Duran-Gehring: Ultrasound in Trauma http://www.slideshare.net/pegehring/fast?from_search=1
• Fahad Khan: Emergency Ultrasound in Trauma http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CEgQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slredultrasound.com%2FDublin2009%2FKhan%2520-%2520EFAST%2520final.ppt&ei=lbkDUqGFO4Sc9gSCloHACQ&usg=AFQjCNHYts6nWGUXfQoJBCloDwOHsWehfA&sig2=dSVuMAAzdCtXaRrqoErNyA&bvm=bv.50500085,d.eWU

Podcasts

• B.M. Terry: FAST as Predictor of Clinical Outcome in Blunt Abdominal Trauma http://freeemergencytalks.net/2010/06/basil-bonner-emergency-care-of-the-endurance-athlete-slides-and-sound/

Videos

• Beth Cadigan: The E-FAST Exam http://vimeo.com/34118863 (20min)
• Geoff Hayden: eFAST http://vimeo.com/34118863 (20min)
• Phillip Perera: Trauma FAST: Right Upper Quadrant http://cmedownload.com/lecture/trauma-fastright-upper-quadrant (22min)
• Phillip Perera: Trauma FAST: Left Upper Quadrant http://cmedownload.com/lecture/trauma-fastleft-upper-quadrant (13min)
• Phillip Perera: Trauma FAST: Suprapubic View http://cmedownload.com/lecture/trauma-fastsuprabubic-view

Cardiac

Book Chapters - May Not Be Open Access

• Add

Open Access Journal Articles

• Blyth, Lacey, et al. "Bedside Focused Echocardiography as Predictor of Survival in Cardiac Arrest Patients: A Systematic Review." Academic Emergency Medicine 19.10 (2012): 1119-1126. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/Cardiac_2012_Blyth_AEM.pdf
• Price, Susanna, Shahana Uddin, and Tom Quinn. "Echocardiography in cardiac arrest." Current opinion in critical care 16.3 (2010): 211-215. http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/16659740/1325415243/name/Echocardiography+in+cardiac+arrest.pdf
• Beaulieu, Yanick. "Bedside echocardiography in the assessment of the critically ill." Critical care medicine 35.5 (2007): S235-S249. http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/Cardiac24.pdf
• Breitkreutz, Raoul, Felix Walcher, and Florian H. Seeger. "Focused echocardiographic evaluation in resuscitation management: concept of an advanced life support-conformed algorithm." Critical care medicine 35.5 (2007): S150-S161. http://www.finest-online.org/files/Breitkreutz_et_al._CCM_2007.pdf
• Randazzo, Marco R., et al. "Accuracy of emergency physician assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction and central venous pressure using echocardiography." Academic Emergency Medicine 10.9 (2003): 973-977. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1197/S1069-6563%2803%2900317-8/pdf
• Moore, Christopher L., et al. "Determination of left ventricular function by emergency physician echocardiography of hypotensive patients." Academic Emergency Medicine 9.3 (2002): 186-193. http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/Cardiac2.pdf
• Blaivas, Michael, and John Christian Fox. "Outcome in cardiac arrest patients found to have cardiac standstill on the bedside emergency department echocardiogram." Academic Emergency Medicine 8.6 (2001): 616-621. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb00174.x/pdf
• Mandavia, D. P., et al. "Bedside echocardiography by emergency physicians." Annals of emergency medicine 38.4 (2001): 377. http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/Echo.pdf

Blogs & Websites

• David P. Bahner: Cardiac http://www.sonoguide.com/cardiac.html
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Cardiac http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/cardiac
• Sebastian Siadecki, Turandot Saul, and Resa E Lewiss: Focus On: Bedside Ultrasound *Assessment of Left Ventricular Function http://www.acep.org/Education/Continuing-Medical-Education-%28CME%29/Focus-On/Focus-On--Bedside-Ultrasound-Assessment-of-Left-Ventricular-Function/
• Yale Atlas of Echocardiology http://www.yale.edu/imaging/echo_atlas/contents/index.html

Slide Sets

• Phillip D. Levy: Emergency Cardiac Ultrasound http://www.slideshare.net/rahterrazas/cardiac-us
• Turandot Saul: Ultrasound determination of Left Ventricular Function http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&ved=0CGUQFjAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fslredultrasound.com%2FIntranet%2FFacultyLectures%2FSaul%2FSaul_Left%2520Ventricular%2520Function.ppt&ei=ucADUqKlPJTY8gSwsYCoCA&usg=AFQjCNFPwDBMsNLR4mzeIVjk4VwkOIO3Rg&sig2=MXiOXeovsa-LMaUDGFwUtA&bvm=bv.50500085,d.eWU

Podcasts

• J. Christian Fox: Bedside Echocardiography http://freeemergencytalks.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/2010-1-B-1630-Bedside-Echocardiography-Fox.mp3
• Erol Unluer: Hardways and Highways of Cardiac Ultrasound http://freeemergencytalks.net/2012/10/erol-unluer-hardways-and-highways-of-cardiac-ultrasound/
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: ECHO http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=533-podcast
• Paola Molino: Emergency Ultrasound in Cardiac Arrest http://freeemergencytalks.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/3-C-1500-Emergency-Ultrasound-in-Cardiac-Arrest-Paola-Molino-Italy.mp3

Videos

• Chris Moore: ECHO I http://vimeo.com/44570642#at=0 (27min)
• Chris Moore: ECHO II http://vimeo.com/44575412#at=0 (26min)
• Geoff Hayden: Cardiac http://vimeo.com/14493182 (40min)
• Phillip Perera: Cardiac Subxiphoid and Apical Views http://cmedownload.com/lecture/cardiac-echocardiographysubxiphoid-and-apical-views-pericardial-effusion (22min)
• Phillip Perera: Cardiac Parasternal View http://cmedownload.com/lecture/cardiac-echocardiographyparasternal-views-heart (21min)

Thoracic

Open Access Journal Articles

• Gentry Wilkerson, R., and Michael B. Stone. "Sensitivity of bedside ultrasound and supine anteroposterior chest radiographs for the identification of pneumothorax after blunt trauma." Academic Emergency Medicine 17.1 (2010): 11-17. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00628.x/full
• Ball, Chad G., Andrew W. Kirkpatrick, and David V. Feliciano. "The occult pneumothorax: what have we learned?." Canadian Journal of Surgery 52.5 (2009): E173. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2769131/
• Soldati, Gino, et al. "Occult Traumatic Pneumothorax Diagnostic Accuracy of Lung Ultrasonography in the Emergency Department." CHEST Journal 133.1 (2008): 204-211. http://intranet.emergency.med.ufl.edu/journal_club/021909/Occult%20Traumatic%20Pneumothorax.pdf
• Blaivas, Michael, Matthew Lyon, and Sandeep Duggal. "A prospective comparison of supine chest radiography and bedside ultrasound for the diagnosis of traumatic pneumothorax." Academic Emergency Medicine 12.9 (2005): 844-849. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1197/j.aem.2005.05.005/pdf
• Chan, Stewart Siu Wa. "Emergency bedside ultrasound to detect pneumothorax." Academic emergency medicine 10.1 (2003): 91-94. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1197/aemj.10.1.91/pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Pneumothorax http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/pneumothorax
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Thorax http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/thorax

Podcasts

• Haney Mallemat: Bedside Thoracic Ultrasound http://freeemergencytalks.net/2012/10/haney-mallemat-bedside-thoracic-ultrasound/
• Mike Stone, Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Lung Ultrasound Part 1 http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=1444-podcast
• Mike Stone, Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Lung Ultrasound Part 2 http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=1534-podcast

Video

• Sara Damewood: Thoracic Ultrasound http://vimeo.com/46515236 (18min)
• Geoff Hayden: Pneumothorax: http://vimeo.com/8817568 (7min)
• Phillip Perera: Pneumothorax http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-evaluation-pneumothorax (12min)
• Phillip Perera: Effusion http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-pleural-effusions (14min)

Aortic Aneurysm

Open Access Journal Articles

• Moore, Chris L., et al. "Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm in asymptomatic at-risk patients using emergency ultrasound." The American journal of emergency medicine 26.8 (2008): 883-887. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/AAA_2008_Moore_AJEM.pdf
• Costantino, Thomas G., et al. "Accuracy of emergency medicine ultrasound in the evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysm." The Journal of emergency medicine 29.4 (2005): 455-460. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/AAA_2005_Costantino_JEM.pdf
• Knaut, Andrew L., et al. "Ultrasonographic measurement of aortic diameter by emergency physicians approximates results obtained by computed tomography." The Journal of emergency medicine 28.2 (2005): 119-126. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/AAA_2005_Knaut_JEM.pdf
• Tayal, Vivek S., Christian D. Graf, and Michael A. Gibbs. "Prospective study of accuracy and outcome of emergency ultrasound for abdominal aortic aneurysm over two years." Academic emergency medicine 10.8 (2003): 867-871. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1197/aemj.10.8.867/pdf
• Kuhn, Marie, et al. "Emergency department ultrasound scanning for abdominal aortic aneurysm: accessible, accurate, and advantageous." Annals of emergency medicine 36.3 (2000): 219-223. http://slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/AAA3.pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Anthony J. Dean and Bon S. Ku: Aortic Aneurysm http://www.sonoguide.com/abdominal_aortic_aneurysm.html
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Aorta http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/aorta

Slide Sets

• Mary Beth Phelan: Focused Emergency Ultrasound: Evaluation of the Abdominal Aorta http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CC8QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lvhemres.com%2Fstorage%2Fstudent-website-pdfs-and-documents%2FUSAAA.ppt&ei=FpICUvzMJYay9gSTxoGADQ&usg=AFQjCNH8uF4IU5gYIMc5cXpbTnIEG63VtA&sig2=P-kr4ViPo1y2Jcm326cnBQ&bvm=bv.50310824,d.eWU
• Fahad Khan: Emergency Ultrasound of the Aorta http://ppt.server4.org/e/emergency-ultrasound-of-the-aorta---st-lukes-roosevelt-w1258-ppt.ppt

Podcasts

• Tom Costantino: Ultrasound for the Abdominal Aorta http://freeemergencytalks.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/2009-02-12-0900-US-for-Abdominal-Aorta-Tom-Costantino.mp3

Videos

• Arthur Au: Aorta Ultrasound http://vimeo.com/41791516 (13min)
• Geoff Hayden: Aortic Aneurysm http://vimeo.com/8749805#at=0 (23min)
• Phillip Perera: Aortic Aneurysm Part 1 http://cmedownload.com/lecture/aorta-ultrasound-part-1-normal-anatomy (20min)
• Phillip Perera: Aortic Aneurysm Part 2 http://cmedownload.com/lecture/aorta-ultrasound-part-2-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm (28min)

Shock and Volume Assessment

Open Access Journal Articles

• Haydar, Samir A., et al. "Effect of Bedside Ultrasonography on the Certainty of Physician Clinical Decisionmaking for Septic Patients in the Emergency." Annals of Emergency Medicine 60.3 (2012). http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/Cardiac_2012_Haydar_AnnalsEM.pdf
• De Lorenzo, Robert A., et al. "Does a simple bedside sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava correlate to central venous pressure?." The Journal of Emergency Medicine 42.4 (2012): 429-436. http://www.nyuemsono.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Does-a-Simple-Bedside-Sonographic-Measurement-of-the-IVC-Correlate-to-CVP.pdf
• Seif, Dina, et al. "Bedside ultrasound in resuscitation and the rapid ultrasound in shock protocol." Critical care research and practice 2012 (2012).http://emcrit.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/New-RUSH-Review-Article1.pdf
• Weekes, Anthony J., et al. "Comparison of serial qualitative and quantitative assessments of caval index and left ventricular systolic function during early fluid resuscitation of hypotensive emergency department patients." Academic Emergency Medicine 18.9 (2011): 912-921. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01157.x/pdf
• Perera, Phillips, et al. "The RUSH exam: Rapid Ultrasound in Shock in the evaluation of the critically ill." Emergency medicine clinics of North America 28.1 (2010): 29-56. http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/Guidelines7.pdf
• Jones, Alan E., et al. "Randomized, controlled trial of immediate versus delayed goal-directed ultrasound to identify the cause of nontraumatic hypotension in emergency department patients*." Critical care medicine 32.8 (2004): 1703-1708. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/Code_2004_Jones_CCM.pdf.

Blogs & Websites

• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Rush http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/rush
• Katja Goldflam, Turan Saul, and Resa Lewiss: Focus On: Inferior Vena Cava Ultrasound http://www.acep.org/Content.aspx?id=80791

Slide Sets

• Alexis P Langsfeld: Sonographic Assessment of the Inferior Vena Cava http://ppt.handbook5.com/download.php?id=1294

Podcasts

• Abdullah Alsakka: Rapid Ultrasound Assessment of Shock Patient (RUSH) http://freeemergencytalks.net/2012/10/abdullah-alsakka-rapid-ultrasound-asessment-of-the-shock-patient/
• Scott D. Weingart, Daniel Duque, and Bret Nelson: Rapid Ultrasound for Shock and Hypotension – the RUSH Exam http://emcrit.org/rush-exam/
• Justin Bowra SMACC: The Dark Art of IVC Ultrasound http://lifeinthefastlane.com/2013/07/smacc-the-dark-art-of-ivc-ultrasound/
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Fluid Responsiveness Part 1 http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=408-podcast
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Fluid Responsiveness Part 2 http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=416-podcast

Videos

• Jon Fischer: Inferior Vena Cava Ultrasound http://vimeo.com/59095991 (30min)
• Geoff Hayden: Volume Assessment: http://vimeo.com/8771354 (5min)
• Geoff Hayden: Shock: http://vimeo.com/8771181 (7min)

Gallbladder

Open Access Journal Articles

• Summers, Shane M., et al. "A prospective evaluation of emergency department bedside ultrasonography for the detection of acute cholecystitis." Annals of emergency medicine 56.2 (2010): 114-122. http://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/journals/0196-0644/PIIS0196064410000375.pdf
• Gaspari, Romolo J., Eitan Dickman, and David Blehar. "Learning curve of bedside ultrasound of the gallbladder." The Journal of emergency medicine 37.1 (2009): 51-56. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/GB_2009_Gaspari_JEM.pdf
• Scruggs, William, et al. "Accuracy of ED bedside ultrasound for identification of gallstones: retrospective analysis of 575 studies." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 9.1 (2008): 1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2672232/pdf/wjem-9-0001.pdf
• Rosen, Carlo L., et al. "Ultrasonography by emergency physicians in patients with suspected cholecystitis." The American journal of emergency medicine 19.1 (2001): 32-36. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/GB_2001_Rosen_AJEM.pdf
• Kendall, John L., and Richard J. Shimp. "Performance and interpretation of focused right upper quadrant ultrasound by emergency physicians." The Journal of emergency medicine 21.1 (2001): 7-13. http://slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/GB1.pdf
• Blaivas, Michael, Robert A. Harwood, and Michael J. Lambert. "Decreasing length of stay with emergency ultrasound examination of the gallbladder." Academic emergency medicine 6.10 (1999): 1020-1023. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.1999.tb01186.x/pdf

Blogs & Websites

• J. Christian Fox and William P. Scruggs: Gallbladder http://www.sonoguide.com/biliary.html
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Gallbladder http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/gallbladder
• Uche Blackstock, Stanley Wu, Resa Lewiss, Turan Saul, and William Bagley: Focus On: Bedside Biliary Ultrasound http://www.acep.org/Content.aspx?id=64648

Videos

• Geoff Hayden: Gallbladder http://vimeo.com/8933018#at=0 (38min)
• Phillip Perera: Gallbladder Part 1 http://cmedownload.com/lecture/hepatobiliary-ultrasound-1 (21min)
• Phillip Perera: Gallbladder Part 2 http://cmedownload.com/lecture/hepatobiliary-ultrasound-2(29min)

Renal

Open Access Journal Articles

• Dalziel, Peregrine James, and Vicki Elizabeth Noble. "Bedside ultrasound and the assessment of renal colic: a review." (2012).http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/Renal_2012_Dalziel_EMJ.pdf
• Edmonds, Marcia L., et al. "The utility of renal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of renal colic in emergency department patients." CJEM 12.3 (2010): 201-206. http://www.cjem-online.ca/v12/n3/p201
• Kartal, M., et al. "Prospective validation of a current algorithm including bedside US performed by emergency physicians for patients with acute flank pain suspected for renal colic." Emergency medicine journal 23.5 (2006): 341-344.http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC2564078/pdf/341.pdf
• Gaspari, Romolo J., and Kurt Horst. "Emergency ultrasound and urinalysis in the evaluation of flank pain." Academic emergency medicine 12.12 (2005): 1180-1184.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1197/j.aem.2005.06.023/pdf
• Noble, Vicki E., and David FM Brown. "Renal ultrasound." Emergency medicine clinics of North America 22.3 (2004): 641-659.http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/Renal_2004_Noble_EM_Clinics_NA.pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Barbara K. Blok and Beatrice Hoffmann: Renal http://www.sonoguide.com/renal.html
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Kidney http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/kidney
• Teresa Y. Smith, Emily J. Ross, Ninfa Mehta, and Michael Secko: Focus On: Focused Renal Ultrasonography http://www.acep.org/Content.aspx?id=88214

Podcasts

• Harry Goett: Renal Ultrasound http://freeemergencytalks.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/2010-08-26-1100-Renal-Ultrasound-Harry-Goett.mp3
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Renal Ultrasound http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=518-podcast

Video

• Peregrine Dalziel: Renal Ultrasound http://vimeo.com/69556457 (25min)
• Geoff Hayden: Renal http://vimeo.com/8753615#at=0 (26 min)
• Phillip Perera: Renal http://cmedownload.com/lecture/urological-ultrasound-kidney-and-bladder (31min)

Early Pregnancy

Open Access Journal Articles

• Stein, John C., et al. "Emergency physician ultrasonography for evaluating patients at risk for ectopic pregnancy: a meta-analysis." Annals of emergency medicine 56.6 (2010): 674-683. http://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/journals/0196-0644/PIIS0196064410011960.pdf
• Casanova, Bruno C., et al. "Prediction of outcome in women with symptomatic first-trimester pregnancy: focus on intrauterine rather than ectopic gestation." Journal of Women's Health 18.2 (2009): 195-200. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2945719/pdf/jwh.2008.0896.pdf
• Blaivas, Michael, et al. "Do emergency physicians save time when locating a live intrauterine pregnancy with bedside ultrasonography?." Academic Emergency Medicine 7.9 (2000): 988-993. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2000.tb02088.x/pdf

Blogs & Websites

• William T. Hosek: Early Pregnancy http://www.sonoguide.com/obgyn.html
• Turandot Saul, MD, RDMS, and Resa Lewiss: Focus On - Ultrasound Imaging in First Trimester Pregnancy http://www.acep.org/content.aspx?id=39778
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Pelvis http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/pelvis

Slide Sets

• Honor M. Wolfe: First Trimester Ultrasound http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CC0QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.med.unc.edu%2Fobgyn%2Fdirect%2Fresidents%2F9-29-2010%2520Wolfe%2520-%2520first%2520trimester%2520ultrasound%2520september%25202010.ppt%2Fat_download%2Ffile&ei=_uECUq3PNY349gSau4GADw&usg=AFQjCNHnYSb1wQR-BiASPao1UbZPCTF9sA&sig2=AGa1-r0-hl-HM0UMR6lVQg&bvm=bv.50310824,d.eWU

Podcasts

• Gregory Garra: Ultrasound for Assessing an Ectopic Pregnancy – Pros and Cons of the Discriminatory Zone http://freeemergencytalks.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/1-B-1700-Ultrasound-for-Assessing-an-Ectopic-Pregnancy-Pros-and-Cons-of-the-Discriminatory-Zone-Gregory-Garra-New-York.mp3

Videos

• Lorraine Ng: Transabdominal Pelvic Ultrasound http://vimeo.com/41808262 (28min)
• Meghan Kelly Herbst: Transvaginal Pelvic Ultrasound http://vimeo.com/52830902 (18min)
• Geoff Hayden: Early Pregnancy http://vimeo.com/8753200#at=0 (29min)
• Phillip Perera: Early Pregnancy Part 1 http://cmedownload.com/lecture/soundbytes-obgyn-part-1 (29min)
• Phillip Perera: Early Pregnancy Part 2 http://cmedownload.com/lecture/soundbytes-obgyn-part-2 (16min)
• Phillip Perera: Early Pregnancy IUP http://cmedownload.com/lecture/intrauterine-pregnancy (25mn)
• Phillip Perera: Early Pregnancy Ectopic http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ectopic-pregnancy-3 (24min)

Deep Venous Thrombosis

Open Access Journal Articles

• Shiver, Stephen A., et al. "Prospective comparison of emergency physician–performed venous ultrasound and CT venography for deep venous thrombosis." The American journal of emergency medicine 28.3 (2010): 354-358. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/DVT_2010_Shiver_AJEM.pdf
• Crisp, Jonathan G., Luis M. Lovato, and Timothy B. Jang. "Compression ultrasonography of the lower extremity with portable vascular ultrasonography can accurately detect deep venous thrombosis in the emergency department." Annals of emergency medicine 56.6 (2010): 601-610. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/DVT_2010_Crisp_Annals_EM.pdf
• Burnside, Patrick R., Michael D. Brown, and Jeffrey A. Kline. "Systematic Review of Emergency Physician–performed Ultrasonography for Lower‐Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis." Academic Emergency Medicine 15.6 (2008): 493-498. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00101.x/pdf
• Blaivas, Michael. "Ultrasound in the detection of venous thromboembolism." Critical care medicine 35.5 (2007): S224-S234. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/DVT_2007_Blaivas_CCM.pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Anthony J. Dean and Bon S. Ku: Deep Vein Thrombosis http://www.sonoguide.com/dvt.html
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: DVT http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/dvt

Slide Sets

• Petra Duran-Gehring: Deep Venous Ultrasound http://www.slideshare.net/pegehring/9-vascular-us
• Turandot Saul: Deep Vein Thrombosis http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved=0CFsQFjAG&url=http%3A%2F%2Fslredultrasound.com%2FIntranet%2FFacultyLectures%2FSaul%2FSaul_DVT.ppt&ei=ucADUqKlPJTY8gSwsYCoCA&usg=AFQjCNGNI3SbM_LPS2sK_LITljEHYb9ynQ&sig2=7yDZkrAy5bpaWrgVXRLgOg&bvm=bv.50500085,d.eWU

Podcasts

• Melanie Stander: Vascular Applications of Emergency Point of Care Ultrasound http://freeemergencytalks.net/2011/12/melanie-stander-south-africa-vascular-applications-of-emergency-point-of-care-ultrasound/
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: DVT http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=22-podcast

Video

• Frances Russell: DVT Ultrasound http://vimeo.com/52819569 (11min)
• Geoff Hayden: Deep Venous Thrombosis http://vimeo.com/8936040 (23min)
• Phillip Perera: Deep Venous Thrombosis Part 1 http://cmedownload.com/lecture/dvt-ultrasound-part-1 (24min)
• Phillip Perera: Deep Venous Thrombosis Part 2 http://cmedownload.com/lecture/dvt-ultrasound-part-2 (20min)

Vascular Access

Open Access Journal Articles

• Elia, Fabrizio, et al. "Standard-length catheters vs long catheters in ultrasound-guided peripheral vein cannulation." The American journal of emergency medicine 30.5 (2012): 712-716. http://www.nyuemsono.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Standard-Length-Catheters-vs-Long-Catheters-in-US-guided-Peripheral-Vein-Cannulation.pdf
• Shokoohi, Hamid, et al. "Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Access Program Is Associated With a Marked Reduction in Central Venous Catheter Use in Noncritically Ill Emergency Department Patients." Annals of emergency medicine (2012). http://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/journals/0196-0644/PIIS0196064412015491.pdf
• Ho, Anthony M-H., et al. "The medial-transverse approach for internal jugular vein cannulation: an example of lateral thinking." The Journal of emergency medicine 42.2 (2012): 174-177. http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/Vascular6.pdf
• Elizabeth Schoenfeld, M. D., Keith Boniface, and Hamid Shokoohi. "ED technicians can successfully place ultrasound-guided intravenous catheters in patients with poor vascular access." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 29 (2011): 496-501. http://www.slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/Access21.pdf
• Moak, James H., et al. "Needle and guidewire visualization in ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein cannulation." The American journal of emergency medicine 29.4 (2011): 432-436. http://slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/Vascular9.pdf
• Adam Balls, M. D., et al. "Ultrasound guidance for central venous catheter placement: results from the Central Line Emergency Access Registry Database." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 28 (2010): 561-567. http://lcbaxterlibrary.tripod.com/ereserves/internal_medicine_journal_club/7.30.10.3.pdf
• Ortega, Rafael, et al. "Ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein cannulation." New England Journal of Medicine 362.16 (2010). http://jvsmedicscorner.com/ICU-Procedures_files/Ultrasound-Guided%20Internal%20Jugular%20Vein%20Cannulation.pdf
• Bauman, Michael, M. D. Darren Braude, and Cameron Crandall. "Ultrasound-guidance vs. standard technique in difficult vascular access patients by ED technicians." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 27 (2009): 135-140. http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/Nurse_IV_2009_Bauman_AJEM.pdf
• Stein, John, et al. "Ultrasonographically Guided Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation in Emergency Department Patients With Difficult Intravenous Access: A Randomized Trial." Annals of Emergency Medicine 54.1 (2009).http://www.emergencyultrasoundteaching.com/assets/articles/vascaccess_2009_Stein_Annals_EM.pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Rajesh Geria and Beatrice Hoffmann: Vascular Access http://www.sonoguide.com/line_placement.html
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Peripheral IV http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/peripheral-iv-access

Podcasts

• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Peripheral Venous Cannulation http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=1323-podcast
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Internal Jugular Central Venous Line http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=1308-podcast
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Radial Arterial Catheterization http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=1343-podcast

Videos

• Jennifer Marin: Ultrasound Guided Peripheral IV Placement http://vimeo.com/41543020# (11min)
• Arun Nagdev: Ultrasound Guided Central Venous Cannulation http://vimeo.com/44255343 (20min)
• Geoff Hayden: Vascular Access http://vimeo.com/8733523 (14min)
• Phillip Perera: Peripheral Vascular Access http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-guidance-peripheral-iv-insertion (26min)
• Phillip Perera: Central Vascular Access http://cmedownload.com/lecture/central-venous-access (22min)
• Phillip Perera: Supraclavicular Central Access http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-guidance-supraclavicular-vein-central-venous-access (13min)

Procedural

Open Access Journal Articles

• Nazeer, Shameem R., Hillary Dewbre, and Adam H. Miller. "Ultrasound-assisted paracentesis performed by emergency physicians vs the traditional technique: a prospective, randomized study." The American journal of emergency medicine 23.3 (2005): 363-367. http://slredultrasound.com/Filesandpictures/Paracentesis1.pdf
• Fletcher, Alan K., Alan S. Rigby, and Francis LP Heyes. "Three-in-one femoral nerve block as analgesia for fractured neck of femur in the emergency department: a randomized, controlled trial." Annals of emergency medicine 41.2 (2003): 227-233. http://www.nyuemsono.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/A-Comparison-of-US-guided-Three-in-One-Femoral-Nerve-Block-vs.-Parenteral-Opioids-Alone-for-Analgesia-in-ED-Patients-with-Hip-Fractures.pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Rajesh Geria: Pericardiocentesis http://www.sonoguide.com/pericardiocentesis.html
• Rajesh Geria: Thoracentesis http://www.sonoguide.com/thoracentesis.html
• Rajesh Geria: Paracentesis http://www.sonoguide.com/paracentesis.html
• Leonard V. Bunting: US Guided Nerve Blocks http://www.sonoguide.com/nerve_block.html
• Kelly Maurelus, Michael Secko, and Ninfa Mehta: Focus On: Ultrasound for Thoracentesis http://www.acep.org/Content.aspx?id=90738
• Diane Scheer, Michael Secko, and Ninfa Mehta: Focus On: Ultrasound-Guided Paracentesis http://www.acep.org/Education/Continuing-Medical-Education-%28CME%29/Focus-On/Focus-On--Ultrasound-Guided-Paracentesis/
• Aparajita Sohoni, Andrew Herring, Mike Stone, and Arun Nagdev: Focus On: Ultrasound-Guided Forearm Nerve Blocks http://www.acep.org/Content.aspx?id=82259

Slide Sets

• Turandot Saul: Ultrasound Guided Lumbar Puncture http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CC0QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slredultrasound.com%2FIntranet%2FFacultyLectures%2FSaul%2FLP.ppt&ei=YroDUu3DEZGO9ASejIGIDA&usg=AFQjCNERQIvz-DegkguEaCG8EN-qe-QI4g&sig2=MCH3uHjeBes_jyLAjAGBeA&bvm=bv.50500085,d.eWU

Podcasts

• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Pericardiocentesis http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=1695-podcast
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Thoracentesis http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=1741-podcast
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Paracentesis http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=1723-podcast
• Connor Nickels: Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks & Regional Anaesthesia http://freeemergencytalks.net/2012/07/connor-nickels-usa-ultrasound-guided-nerve-blocks-regional-anaesthesia/
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Femoral Nerve http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=425-podcast
• Mike Stone, Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Ultrasound Guided Nerve Blocks Part 1 http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=553-podcast
• Mike Stone, Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Ultrasound Guided Nerve Blocks Part 2 http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=557-podcast

Videos

• Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks from Stamford School of Regional Anesthesia - http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=SSRAUSA&oq=SSRAUSA&gs_l=youtube.3...0.0.0.95217.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0...0.0...1ac..11.youtube
  • Fascia Iliata Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p6X0IiYolIk
  • Popliteal Sciatic Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYM2sft8R2I
  • Interscalene Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OhFs-batCSY
  • Saphenous Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_Xmlqrn68Q
  • Femoral Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DwtvZ0tC9ng
  • Supraclavicular Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgH5RWkhD0g
  • Sciatic Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h14Ee2yAmUU
• Radial Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rd7KeoP8lHA
• Median Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_ve-mNaYmI
• Ulnar Nerve Block - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3u7VhsAlxhI
• Phillip Perera: Thoracentesis http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-guidance-thoracentesis (21min)
• Phillip Perera: Paracentesis http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-guidance-paracentesis (16min)
• Negean Vandordaklou: Ultrasound Guided Procedures: Lumbar Puncture, Paracentesis and Thoracentesis

Testicular

Open Access Journal Articles

• Cannis, Mark, Thomas Mailhot, and Phillips Perera. "Bedside Ultrasound in a Case of Blunt Scrotal Trauma." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 14.2 (2013): 127.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3628458/
• Blaivas, Michael, Paul Sierzenski, and Michael Lambert. "Emergency evaluation of patients presenting with acute scrotum using bedside ultrasonography." Academic Emergency Medicine 8.1 (2001): 90-93.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb00563.x/pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Srikar R. Adhikari: Testicular http://www.sonoguide.com/smparts_testicular.html

Podcasts

• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Testicular Ultrasound Part 1 http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/2011/12/testicular-ultrasound-part-1/
• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Testicular Ultrasound Part 2 http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=260-podcast

Soft Tissue and Musculoskeletal

Open Access Journal Articles

• Tayal, Vivek S., et al. "The Effect of Soft‐tissue Ultrasound on the Management of Cellulitis in the Emergency Department." Academic emergency medicine 13.4 (2006): 384-388. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1197/j.aem.2005.11.074/pdf
• Squire, Benjamin T., John Christian Fox, and Craig Anderson. "ABSCESS: applied bedside sonography for convenient evaluation of superficial soft tissue infections." Academic emergency medicine 12.7 (2005): 601-606. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1197/j.aem.2005.01.016/pdf

Blogs & Websites

• James H. Moak: Hip Sonography http://vimeo.com/46518256#at=0 (17min)
• Matt Fields: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound: Muscles & Tendons http://vimeo.com/41682960 14min)
• Brian Euerle: Soft Tissue http://www.sonoguide.com/soft_tissue.html
• Brian Euerle: Abscess, I&D http://www.sonoguide.com/abscess.html
• Rajesh Geria: Foreign Bodies http://www.sonoguide.com/foreign_bodies.html
• John Lin and William Weadock: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound http://www.med.umich.edu/rad/muscskel/mskus/index.html
• Mount Sinai Emergency Medicine Ultrasound: Soft Tissue- Abscess http://sinaiem.us/tutorials/soft-tissue-abscess

Podcasts

• Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Radius Fracture http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/2013/04/ultrasound-of-radius-fracture-what-thats-right-diagnose-it-and-guide-your-reduction-with-us-foamed/

Videos

• Geoff Hayden: Soft Tissue http://vimeo.com/8815198 (17min)
• Geoff Hayden: Foreign Bodies http://vimeo.com/8773180 (10min)
• Phillip Perera: Soft Tissue Infection http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-soft-tissue-infections (15min)
• Phillip Perera: Soft Tissue Infection Hand Infection http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-evaluations-hand-infections (9min)
• Phillip Perera: Bone Fracture http://cmedownload.com/lecture/bone-fractures (1min)
• Phillip Perera: Ligaments/Tendons: http://cmedownload.com/lecture/musculoskeletal-ultrasoundligaments-and-tendons (14min)
• Phillip Perera: Foreign Bodies http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-foreign-bodies (14min)
• Phillip Perera: Hand Foreign Body http://cmedownload.com/lecture/hand-foreign-body (4min)
• Phillip Perera: Lumbar Puncture http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-guidance-lumbar-puncture (12min)

Ocular

Open Access Journal Articles

• Schott, Meghan L., Jessica E. Pierog, and Sarah R. Williams. "Pitfalls in the Use of Ocular Ultrasound for Evaluation of Acute Vision Loss." The Journal of emergency medicine (2013). http://www.nyuemsono.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Pitfalls-in-the-Use-of-Ocular-Ultrasound-for-Evaluation-ofnbspAcutenbspVision-Loss.pdf
• Kimberly, Heidi Harbison, et al. "Correlation of optic nerve sheath diameter with direct measurement of intracranial pressure." Academic Emergency Medicine 15.2 (2008): 201-204. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2007.00031.x/pdf
• Blaivas, Michael. "Bedside emergency department ultrasonography in the evaluation of ocular pathology." Academic Emergency Medicine 7.8 (2000): 947-950. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2000.tb02080.x/pdf

Blogs & Websites

• Srikar R. Adhikari: Ocular http://www.sonoguide.com/smparts_ocular.html

Podcasts

• Jeffrey M. Freeman: Ultrasound Imaging to Assess Increased Intracranial Pressure http://freeemergencytalks.net/2011/12/jeffrey-m-freeman-michigan-ultrasound-imaging-to-assess-increased-intracaranial-pressure/

Videos

• Turandot Saul: Ocular Ultrasound http://vimeo.com/41575053 (25min)
• Phillip Perera: Ocular Ultrasound http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ocular (33min)

ENT

Blogs & Websites

• Srikar R. Adhikari: ENT http://www.sonoguide.com/smparts_ent.html

Podcasts

• Rob Orman, Matt Dawson and Mike Mallin: Peritonsillar Abscess http://www.ultrasoundpodcast.com/?powerpress_pinw=376-podcast

Videos

• Phillip Perera: ENT http://cmedownload.com/lecture/ultrasound-evaluation-peritonsillar-abscess (13min)

See Also

• GEMC: Global Emergency Medicine Curriculum (Main)