Military emergency medicine: Difference between revisions

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| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Rough Civilian Equivalents'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Rough Civilian Equivalents'''
|-
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| I||Unit||Self/Buddy Aid ||First aid ||Self/Buddy Aid||||Community first aid
| I||Unit||Self/Buddy Aid ||First aid ||Self/Buddy Aid||Self/Buddy Aid||Community first aid
|-
|-
| ||||Combat Lifesaver ||First aid, beginning of emergency treatment||Combat Lifesaver (CLS)||||First responders (police, fire)
| ||||Combat Lifesaver ||First aid, beginning of emergency treatment||Combat Lifesaver (CLS)||Combat Lifesaver||First responders (police, fire)
|-
|-
| ||||Combat medic ||Emergency medical treatment||Hospital Corpsman (HM)||||EMT-basic
| ||||Combat medic ||Emergency medical treatment||Hospital Corpsman (HM)||Combat Medic (68W)||EMT-basic
|-
|-
| ||||Battalion aid station||Advanced trauma and medical management||Battalion Aid Station (BAS); Ship’s complement medical staff||||Paramedic
| ||||Battalion aid station||Advanced trauma and medical management||Battalion Aid Station (BAS); Ship’s complement medical staff||Treatment squad, BAS, SOF medic (18D)||Paramedic
|-
|-
| II||Division||Medical company (clearing station) ||Initial resuscitation||Medical Battalion; Casualty Receiving & Treatment Ships (CRTS);Shock Trauma Platoon (STP); Ship’s complement medical staff||||Level IV trauma center
| II||Division||Medical company (clearing station) ||Initial resuscitation||Medical Battalion; Casualty Receiving & Treatment Ships (CRTS);Shock Trauma Platoon (STP); Ship’s complement medical staff||Medical battalions/companies, Casualty Evacuation (CASEVAC/Dustoff)||Level IV trauma center
|-
|-
| ||||Field surgical support group||Initial resuscitation||Forward Resuscitative Surgery System (FRSS) ||||Level III trauma center
| ||||Field surgical support group||Initial resuscitation||Forward Resuscitative Surgery System (FRSS) ||Forward Surgical Team (FST), Special Operations Resuscitation Team (SORT), Forward Resuscitation and Surgical Team (FRST), Ground Surgical Team (GST), unspecified joint special operations surgical teams||Level III trauma center
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| III||Corps||Combat support hospital, fleet hospitals||Resuscitative surgery and medical care||Fleet hospital; Hospital ships||||Level II trauma center
| III||Corps||Combat support hospital, fleet hospitals||Resuscitative surgery and medical care||Fleet hospital; Hospital ships||Field hospital levels - Combat Support Hospital (CSH); Historical - Evacuation Hospital (EVAC) and Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (MASH)||Level II trauma center
|-
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| IV||Echelons above corps||Combat support hospital, host nation hospitals, hospital ships||Definitive care||Overseas medical treatment facilities||||Level I trauma center
| IV||Echelons above corps||Combat support hospital, host nation hospitals, hospital ships||Definitive care||Overseas medical treatment facilities||General hospital, Communications Zone Hospital (COMMZ)||Level I trauma center
|-
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| V||Out of theater (continental US)||Fixed medical facilities||Restorative and rehabilitative care||CONUS military/civilian hospitals||||Tertiary and quaternary hospitals
| V||Out of theater (continental US)||Fixed medical facilities||Restorative and rehabilitative care||CONUS military/civilian hospitals||CONUS military/civilian hospitals or OCONUS military hospitals||Tertiary and quaternary hospitals
|}
|}
[[File:military roles.PNG|400px]]
==Navy/Marine Corps Echelons of Care==
===Echelon I===
*Self-Aid/Buddy Aid
*Combat Lifesaver (CLS)
**Advanced first aid training provided to Marines
*Hospital Corpsman (HM)
**HMs can be forward deployed with Marine platoons and companies to provide EMS basic and paramedic level of care
*Battalion Aid Station (BAS) 
**Staffed with corpsmen, Independent Duty Corpsman (IDC), and Battalio Surgeon
*Ship’s Complement Medical Staff
**Varies in staff depending on size of ship
===Echelon II===
*Ship’s Complement Medical Staff
**Varies in staff depending on size of ship
*Medical Battalion
**Provides surgical care for the MEF
**Provides stabilizing surgical procedures
**Capable of holding patients up to 72 hours
*Casualty Receiving & Treatment Ships (CRTS)
**Part of an Expeditionary Strike Group (ESG)
**Provides additional medical capabilities for receiving a mass casualty of up to 50 casualties
*Shock Trauma Platoon (STP)
**Small forward unit with one physician supporting the MEF specializing in patient stabilization and CASEVAC
**No surgical capability
*Forward Resuscitation Surgical Suite (FRSS)
**This surgical suite is pushed as far forward to be close to the combat area to allow surgical treatment of casualties within the “golden hour” after injury
**Staffed with 8 to 10 personnel (two surgeons, one critical care nurse, one anesthesiologist, and four to six corpsmen)
**Enough space for one operating room and one pre- and post-operative care room
**Equipped with cutting-edge surgical gear and takes less than one hour to set up or break down
===Echelon III===
*Fleet Hospitals
**Deployable ground asset but located away from enemy threat providing up to 500 hospital beds, 80 ICU beds, and 6 OR’s
*Hospital Ships
**USNS Mercy and USNS Comfort
**Deployable medical assets providing up to 1,000 beds, 100 ICU beds, and 12 OR’s
===Echelon IV===
*Overseas Medical Treatment Facilities
**Offers surgical capability found in echelon III, along with further definitive therapy for those patients in the recovery phase
===Echelon V===
*CONUS Military/Civilan Hospitals
**Provide full convalescent, restorative, and rehabilitative care to all patients returned to the Continental United States (CONUS).
[[File:echelons of care.PNG|400px]]


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Tactical combat casualty care]]
*[[Emergency medical services (EMS)]]
*[[Emergency medical services (EMS)]]


==References==
==References==
 
<references/>
[[Category:EMS]]
[[Category:EMS]]
[[Category:Military]]

Latest revision as of 17:16, 26 August 2019

US Military Emergency Medicine Care Levels

Echelons of Care Military Hierarchy Personnel/Facility Type of Care Navy/Marine Corps Hierarchy Army Hierarchy Rough Civilian Equivalents
I Unit Self/Buddy Aid First aid Self/Buddy Aid Self/Buddy Aid Community first aid
Combat Lifesaver First aid, beginning of emergency treatment Combat Lifesaver (CLS) Combat Lifesaver First responders (police, fire)
Combat medic Emergency medical treatment Hospital Corpsman (HM) Combat Medic (68W) EMT-basic
Battalion aid station Advanced trauma and medical management Battalion Aid Station (BAS); Ship’s complement medical staff Treatment squad, BAS, SOF medic (18D) Paramedic
II Division Medical company (clearing station) Initial resuscitation Medical Battalion; Casualty Receiving & Treatment Ships (CRTS);Shock Trauma Platoon (STP); Ship’s complement medical staff Medical battalions/companies, Casualty Evacuation (CASEVAC/Dustoff) Level IV trauma center
Field surgical support group Initial resuscitation Forward Resuscitative Surgery System (FRSS) Forward Surgical Team (FST), Special Operations Resuscitation Team (SORT), Forward Resuscitation and Surgical Team (FRST), Ground Surgical Team (GST), unspecified joint special operations surgical teams Level III trauma center
III Corps Combat support hospital, fleet hospitals Resuscitative surgery and medical care Fleet hospital; Hospital ships Field hospital levels - Combat Support Hospital (CSH); Historical - Evacuation Hospital (EVAC) and Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (MASH) Level II trauma center
IV Echelons above corps Combat support hospital, host nation hospitals, hospital ships Definitive care Overseas medical treatment facilities General hospital, Communications Zone Hospital (COMMZ) Level I trauma center
V Out of theater (continental US) Fixed medical facilities Restorative and rehabilitative care CONUS military/civilian hospitals CONUS military/civilian hospitals or OCONUS military hospitals Tertiary and quaternary hospitals

Military roles.PNG

Navy/Marine Corps Echelons of Care

Echelon I

  • Self-Aid/Buddy Aid
  • Combat Lifesaver (CLS)
    • Advanced first aid training provided to Marines
  • Hospital Corpsman (HM)
    • HMs can be forward deployed with Marine platoons and companies to provide EMS basic and paramedic level of care
  • Battalion Aid Station (BAS)
    • Staffed with corpsmen, Independent Duty Corpsman (IDC), and Battalio Surgeon
  • Ship’s Complement Medical Staff
    • Varies in staff depending on size of ship

Echelon II

  • Ship’s Complement Medical Staff
    • Varies in staff depending on size of ship
  • Medical Battalion
    • Provides surgical care for the MEF
    • Provides stabilizing surgical procedures
    • Capable of holding patients up to 72 hours
  • Casualty Receiving & Treatment Ships (CRTS)
    • Part of an Expeditionary Strike Group (ESG)
    • Provides additional medical capabilities for receiving a mass casualty of up to 50 casualties
  • Shock Trauma Platoon (STP)
    • Small forward unit with one physician supporting the MEF specializing in patient stabilization and CASEVAC
    • No surgical capability
  • Forward Resuscitation Surgical Suite (FRSS)
    • This surgical suite is pushed as far forward to be close to the combat area to allow surgical treatment of casualties within the “golden hour” after injury
    • Staffed with 8 to 10 personnel (two surgeons, one critical care nurse, one anesthesiologist, and four to six corpsmen)
    • Enough space for one operating room and one pre- and post-operative care room
    • Equipped with cutting-edge surgical gear and takes less than one hour to set up or break down

Echelon III

  • Fleet Hospitals
    • Deployable ground asset but located away from enemy threat providing up to 500 hospital beds, 80 ICU beds, and 6 OR’s
  • Hospital Ships
    • USNS Mercy and USNS Comfort
    • Deployable medical assets providing up to 1,000 beds, 100 ICU beds, and 12 OR’s

Echelon IV

  • Overseas Medical Treatment Facilities
    • Offers surgical capability found in echelon III, along with further definitive therapy for those patients in the recovery phase

Echelon V

  • CONUS Military/Civilan Hospitals
    • Provide full convalescent, restorative, and rehabilitative care to all patients returned to the Continental United States (CONUS).

Echelons of care.PNG

See Also

References

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