Template:DKA clinical features: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 15:01, 31 August 2019

May be the initial presenting of an unrecognized T1DM patient
OR symptoms/signs of inciting precipitant (e.g. history of med/dietary nonadherence, signs/symptoms of infection)
Presenting features may include:
- Polydipsia, polyuria (initially) or decreased urine output (as volume depleted)
- Signs of dehydration (dry mouth, dry mucosa, etc.), hypotension
- +/- Weight loss
- Abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting
- Tachypnea (Kussmaul's breathing)
- Acetone or fruity smell on breath
- Generally ill-appearance
- Altered mental status, drowsiness with decreased reflexes
  - Cerebral edema increases mortality significantly, especially in children

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-===History===
+*May be the initial presenting of an unrecognized T1DM patient
-*May be the initial presenting of an unrecognized T1DM patient
+*OR symptoms/signs of inciting precipitant (e.g. history of med/dietary nonadherence, signs/symptoms of infection)
-*Presenting signs/symptoms include [[altered mental status]], tachypnea, [[abdominal pain]], hypotension, decreased urine output.
+*Presenting features may include:
-*Perform a thorough neurologic exam (cerebral edema increases mortality significantly, especially in children)
+**Polydipsia, [[polyuria]] (initially) or decreased urine output (as volume depleted)
-*Assess for possible inciting cause (especially for ongoing infection; see Differential Diagnosis section)
+**Signs of [[dehydration]] (dry mouth, dry mucosa, etc.), [[hypotension]]
+**+/- Weight loss
-===Physical===
+**[[Abdominal pain]], [[nausea/vomiting]]
-*Ill appearance.
+**[[Tachypnea]] (Kussmaul's breathing)
-*Acetone breath.
+**Acetone or fruity smell on breath
-*Drowsiness with decreased reflexes
+**Generally ill-appearance
-*Tachypnea (Kussmaul's breathing)
+**[[Altered mental status]], drowsiness with decreased reflexes
-*Signs of dehydration with dry mouth and dry mucosa.
+***[[Cerebral edema in DKA|Cerebral edema]] increases mortality significantly, especially in children
-*Perform a thorough neurologic exam as cerebral edema increases mortality significantly, especially in children
-*There may be signs from underlying cause (eg pneumonia)