Brain herniation syndromes: Difference between revisions
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==Types== | ==Types== | ||
# Uncal | [[File:Brain herniation.png|thumbnail|Type of brain herniation]] | ||
#* | #Uncal | ||
#* | #*Blown pupil ([[third nerve palsy]], compression from uncus into tentorium cerebelli | ||
# Central Transtentorial | #*[[weakness|Hemiparesis]]/babinski (75% contralateral) | ||
#* | #Central Transtentorial | ||
#* | #*Pinpoint → nonresponsive midpoint pupils | ||
# Cerebellotonsilar | #*Motor [[weakness]] → increased tone → flexor, then extensor posturing | ||
#* | #Cerebellotonsilar (posterior fossa pressure) | ||
#* | #*Pinpoint pupils | ||
#* | #*Sudden [[respiratory failure|respiratory]] and [[shock|cardiovascular collapse]] | ||
# Upward Transtentorial | #*Flaccid [[weakness|quadriplegia]] | ||
#* | #Upward Transtentorial | ||
#* | #*Pinpoint pupils | ||
#*Downward conjugate gaze | |||
#Subfalcine herniation (cerebral mass lesion causes medial surface of affected hemisphere to push against rigid falx cerebri, then herniate underneath) | |||
#*Cingulate gyrus most commonly affected | |||
#*Often clinically silent | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Elevated intracranial pressure]] | |||
*[[Head trauma (main)]] | |||
*[[Intracranial hemorrhage (main)]] | *[[Intracranial hemorrhage (main)]] | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:44, 1 October 2019
Types
- Uncal
- Blown pupil (third nerve palsy, compression from uncus into tentorium cerebelli
- Hemiparesis/babinski (75% contralateral)
- Central Transtentorial
- Pinpoint → nonresponsive midpoint pupils
- Motor weakness → increased tone → flexor, then extensor posturing
- Cerebellotonsilar (posterior fossa pressure)
- Pinpoint pupils
- Sudden respiratory and cardiovascular collapse
- Flaccid quadriplegia
- Upward Transtentorial
- Pinpoint pupils
- Downward conjugate gaze
- Subfalcine herniation (cerebral mass lesion causes medial surface of affected hemisphere to push against rigid falx cerebri, then herniate underneath)
- Cingulate gyrus most commonly affected
- Often clinically silent