Calcium chloride: Difference between revisions
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''See [[critical care quick reference]] for drug doses by weight.'' | ''See [[critical care quick reference]] for drug doses by weight.'' | ||
==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: | *Type: Mineral, [[Antidote]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: | *Dosage Forms: injectable solution | ||
*Dosage Strengths: 100 mg/mL | |||
*Routes of Administration: IV | |||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*[[Hypocalcemia]] (emergent): 500-1000 mg IV over 5-10 minutes, repeat as needed | |||
*Arrhythmias (emergent): 500-1000 mg IV over 5-10 minutes, repeat as needed | |||
*[[Hypermagnesemia]]: 500-1000 mg IV over 2-5 minutes, repeat if CNS depression persists | |||
*[[Calcium channel blocker toxicity]]: 1-2 g IV infused over 10-20 min; repeat every 20 minutes PRN up to 5 doses | |||
*[[Beta-blocker toxicity]] (Refractory to glucagon/vasopressors): 1g IV bolus | |||
*[[Hyperkalemia]]: 1g IV | |||
*[[Cardiac Arrest]]: 1g IV (not recommended for routine use<ref>Neumar RW, Otto CW, Link MS, et al. Part 8: adult advanced cardiovascular life support: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2010;122(18 Suppl 3):729-767. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.970988. [PubMed 20956224]</ref>) | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
| Line 11: | Line 20: | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C | ||
*Lactation: | *Lactation: Infant risk cannot be ruled out | ||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing: base dosing on serum Ca if CrCl <25, may need reduced dose if on HD | ||
*Hepatic dosing: No adjustment | |||
*Hepatic | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
*Current use of ceftriaxone sodium injection in neonates | |||
*Ventricular fibrillation | |||
*Do NOT administer for IM or subq | |||
*Administer through central venous access except in cases of cardiac arrest | |||
**High risk of extravasation and tissue necrosis | |||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*Vasodilation | |||
*Tissue necrosis (if extravasated) | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*Burning sensation | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: Renal, fecal | ||
==Mechanism of Action== | |||
*Cofoactor in many enzymatic reactions, essential for neurotransmission, muscle contraction, and many signal transduction pathways | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Hypocalcemia]] | |||
*[[Antidotes]] | |||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:FEN]] | |||
[[Category: | |||
Latest revision as of 22:31, 29 November 2020
See critical care quick reference for drug doses by weight.
General
- Type: Mineral, Antidote
- Dosage Forms: injectable solution
- Dosage Strengths: 100 mg/mL
- Routes of Administration: IV
- Common Trade Names:
Adult Dosing
- Hypocalcemia (emergent): 500-1000 mg IV over 5-10 minutes, repeat as needed
- Arrhythmias (emergent): 500-1000 mg IV over 5-10 minutes, repeat as needed
- Hypermagnesemia: 500-1000 mg IV over 2-5 minutes, repeat if CNS depression persists
- Calcium channel blocker toxicity: 1-2 g IV infused over 10-20 min; repeat every 20 minutes PRN up to 5 doses
- Beta-blocker toxicity (Refractory to glucagon/vasopressors): 1g IV bolus
- Hyperkalemia: 1g IV
- Cardiac Arrest: 1g IV (not recommended for routine use[1])
Pediatric Dosing
See critical care quick reference for drug doses by weight.
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation: Infant risk cannot be ruled out
- Renal Dosing: base dosing on serum Ca if CrCl <25, may need reduced dose if on HD
- Hepatic dosing: No adjustment
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Current use of ceftriaxone sodium injection in neonates
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Do NOT administer for IM or subq
- Administer through central venous access except in cases of cardiac arrest
- High risk of extravasation and tissue necrosis
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Vasodilation
- Tissue necrosis (if extravasated)
Common
- Burning sensation
Pharmacology
- Half-life:
- Metabolism:
- Excretion: Renal, fecal
Mechanism of Action
- Cofoactor in many enzymatic reactions, essential for neurotransmission, muscle contraction, and many signal transduction pathways
See Also
References
- ↑ Neumar RW, Otto CW, Link MS, et al. Part 8: adult advanced cardiovascular life support: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2010;122(18 Suppl 3):729-767. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.970988. [PubMed 20956224]