Pressure immobilization dressing: Difference between revisions
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==Background<ref>Robert L. Norris, Sean P. Bush, Michael D. Cardwell. Bites by Venomous Reptiles in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 742.</ref> | ==Background== | ||
*Type of field dressing developed and used in Australia primarily for elapid bites<ref>Robert L. Norris, Sean P. Bush, Michael D. Cardwell. Bites by Venomous Reptiles in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 742.</ref> | |||
*Theoretic reduction in systemic toxicity | *Theoretic reduction in systemic toxicity<ref>Robert L. Norris, Sean P. Bush, Michael D. Cardwell. Bites by Venomous Reptiles in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 742.</ref> | ||
==Indications<ref>David A. Warrell. Bites by Venomous and Nonvenomous Reptiles Worldwide. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: | ==Indications<ref>David A. Warrell. Bites by Venomous and Nonvenomous Reptiles Worldwide. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 816-818.</ref>== | ||
*Only useful in extremity bites | *Only useful in extremity bites | ||
*Neurotoxic [[Elapidae (Coral Snakes)]] bite (mamba, king cobra, taipan, etc.) | *Neurotoxic [[Elapidae (Coral Snakes)]] bite (mamba, king cobra, taipan, etc.) | ||
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*Extricate the patient | *Extricate the patient | ||
[[File:Pressure immobilization.png|thumb|Australian Pressure Immobilization Technique<ref>Robert L. Norris, Sean P. Bush, Michael D. Cardwell. Bites by Venomous Reptiles in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 742.</ref>]] | [[File:Pressure immobilization.png|thumb|Australian Pressure Immobilization Technique<ref>Robert L. Norris, Sean P. Bush, Michael D. Cardwell. Bites by Venomous Reptiles in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 742.</ref>]] | ||
==Limitations== | ==Limitations== | ||
*Insufficient pressure applied by provider | *Insufficient pressure applied by provider | ||
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*Contraindication to self-extricate once applied | *Contraindication to self-extricate once applied | ||
*Contraindication to remove until antivenom available | *Contraindication to remove until antivenom available | ||
*Inadequate study in use of necrotic [[ | *Inadequate study in use of necrotic [[Crotaline (Pit Vipers)]] envenomations. Contraindicated at this time. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Snake Bites]] | *[[Snake Bites]] | ||
*[[Funnel- | *[[Funnel-web spider bite]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Environmental]] | |||
[[Category:Procedures]] | |||
Latest revision as of 06:15, 27 November 2021
Background
- Type of field dressing developed and used in Australia primarily for elapid bites[1]
- Theoretic reduction in systemic toxicity[2]
Indications[3]
- Only useful in extremity bites
- Neurotoxic Elapidae (Coral Snakes) bite (mamba, king cobra, taipan, etc.)
- Sea snake bike
- Funnel-web spider bite
- Consider in: large snake size, particularly lethal species, prolonged fang contact, small patient size, prior exposure to venom
Considerations Before Application
- Not indicated in Crotaline (Pit Vipers) bites (ie. rattlesnake).
- Consider plan for extricating the patient
- Patient must be carried out of the field once dressing is in place
- The dressing must not be taken down until the patient has reached definitive care. Removing the dressing may release a bolus of venom and antivenom should be immediately available.
Technique
- Place the extremity in a neutral position
- Use an elastic or crepe bandage to wrap the entire affected extremity (distal to proximal)
- Wrap very firmly, with the same pressure used to splint a sprain, but not so much as to obstruct distal pulses.
- Continue to wrap the extremity to a rigid splint (ie. dowel) to immobilize.
- Extricate the patient
Australian Pressure Immobilization Technique[4]
Limitations
- Insufficient pressure applied by provider
- Challenging to self-administer
- Contraindication to self-extricate once applied
- Contraindication to remove until antivenom available
- Inadequate study in use of necrotic Crotaline (Pit Vipers) envenomations. Contraindicated at this time.
See Also
References
- ↑ Robert L. Norris, Sean P. Bush, Michael D. Cardwell. Bites by Venomous Reptiles in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 742.
- ↑ Robert L. Norris, Sean P. Bush, Michael D. Cardwell. Bites by Venomous Reptiles in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 742.
- ↑ David A. Warrell. Bites by Venomous and Nonvenomous Reptiles Worldwide. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 816-818.
- ↑ Robert L. Norris, Sean P. Bush, Michael D. Cardwell. Bites by Venomous Reptiles in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Paul S. Auerbach. In: Auerbach’s Wilderness Medicine. 7th Ed. 2017: 742.