Open-angle glaucoma: Difference between revisions
| (One intermediate revision by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Elevated intraocular pressure and resulting optic nerve damage manifested initially as visual field loss and ultimately irreversible blindness if left untreated | |||
*Unclear pathogenesis, however thought to be related to two mechanisms: | |||
**Increased aqueous production | |||
**Decreased outflow | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Rarely experience symptoms, in contrast to [[acute angle closure glaucoma]] | |||
*Typical pattern characterized by progressive peripheral visual field loss followed by central field loss, usually but not always associated with elevated intraocular pressure | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
| Line 13: | Line 17: | ||
===Diagnosis=== | ===Diagnosis=== | ||
*Characteristic nerve damage (eg, cupping) on fundus examination | |||
*Visual field abnormalities | |||
*+/- elevated IOP | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
| Line 28: | Line 35: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 03:22, 7 December 2022
Background
- Elevated intraocular pressure and resulting optic nerve damage manifested initially as visual field loss and ultimately irreversible blindness if left untreated
- Unclear pathogenesis, however thought to be related to two mechanisms:
- Increased aqueous production
- Decreased outflow
Clinical Features
- Rarely experience symptoms, in contrast to acute angle closure glaucoma
- Typical pattern characterized by progressive peripheral visual field loss followed by central field loss, usually but not always associated with elevated intraocular pressure
Differential Diagnosis
Acute Vision Loss (Noninflamed)
- Painful
- Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
- Optic neuritis
- Temporal arteritis†
- Painless
- Amaurosis fugax
- Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)†
- Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)†
- High altitude retinopathy
- Open-angle glaucoma
- Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)
- Retinal detachment†
- Stroke†
- Vitreous hemorrhage
- Traumatic optic neuropathy (although may have pain from the trauma)
†Emergent Diagnosis
Evaluation
Workup
Diagnosis
- Characteristic nerve damage (eg, cupping) on fundus examination
- Visual field abnormalities
- +/- elevated IOP