Viral conjunctivitis: Difference between revisions

 
(19 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
==Typical Viral Conjunctivitis==
==Background==
 
===Background===
*Most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis
*Most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis
*Often preceded by URI (usually adenovirus)
*Often preceded by [[URI]] (usually [[adenovirus]])


===Clinical Features===
==Clinical Features==
*Complaint of "red eye" with mild-moderate, watery discharge
[[File:Conjunctivitis.jpg|thumb|Conjunctivitis with limbus sparing]]
[[File:Conjunctivitis disease.jpg|thumb|Viral conjunctitivis lateral view with limbus sparing.]]
*Complaint of "[[red eye]]" with mild-moderate, watery discharge
*Usually painless unless there is some degree of keratitis
*Usually painless unless there is some degree of keratitis
*Often one eye will be involved initially with other eye involved within days
*Often one eye will be involved initially with other eye involved within days
*Unilateral or bilateral conjunctival injection with perilimbal sparing
*Unilateral or bilateral conjunctival injection with perilimbal sparing
*Chemosis and subconj hemorrhages may be present
*Chemosis and [[subconjunctival hemorrhage]]s may be present
*Preauricular [[lymphadenitis]] (adenovirus)
 
==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Conjunctivitis DDX}}


===Diagnosis===
==Evaluation==
*Slit Lamp
*[[Slit lamp]]
**Follicles on inferior palpebral conjunctival
**Follicles on inferior palpebral conjunctival
**Mild, punctate fluorescein staining of cornea (occasional)
**Mild, punctate fluorescein staining of cornea (occasional)
***Must differentiate from herpetic dendrite
***Must differentiate from herpetic dendrite


===DDx===
{{Clinical diagnosis of conjunctivitis}}
Conjunctivitis DDX


===Treatment===
==Management==
#Artificial tears 5-6x per day
#Artificial tears 5-6x per day
#Naphazoline/pheniramine 0.025%/0.3% drops 4x daily
#Cold compresses
#Cold compresses
#Consider topical abx if unable to differentiate from bacterial conjunctivitis
#Consider topical antibiotic if unable to differentiate from bacterial conjunctivitis
#Frequent hand-washing (highly contagious)
#Frequent hand-washing (highly contagious)


===Disposition===
==Disposition==
*Follow-up with ophtho if worsening or no improvement in 7 days
*Follow-up with ophtho if worsening or no improvement in 7 days
*Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious. Patients may return to work or school after discharge from eye(s) has resolved. Advise good hygiene practices and avoid close contact with very old, very young, or other immunocompromised individuals.


===See Also===
==See Also==
*[[Conjunctivitis]]
*[[Conjunctivitis]]
*[[Eye algorithms (main)]]


==Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis==
==References==
===Background===
<references/>
*Form of viral conjunctivitis that causes keratitis in addition to conjunctivitis
*Vision-threatening
*Caused by adenovirus infection that is highly contagious and tends to occur in epidemics
 
===Clinical Features===
*Often preceded by cough, high fever, malaise, myalgias, N/V
*Usual symptoms of viral conjunctivitis plus:
**Foreign body sensation
**Photohobia
**Chemosis
**Papillae of inf palpebral conjunctiva
**Ipsilateral preauricular LAD
 
===Diagnosis===
*Slit Lamp
**Diffuse, superficial keratitis but no corneal ulceration
 
===Treatment===
*Artifical tears
*Cool compresses
*Cycloplegics if photophobia is severe
 
===Disposition===
*Referral to ophthalmologist to confirm dx and decide if pt requires course of steroids
 
==Source==
*Tintinalli
*Mahmood, Narang. Diagnosis and management of acute red eye. Emerg Med Clin N Am 2008;26


[[Category:Ophtho]]
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:ID]]
[[Category:ID]]

Latest revision as of 16:09, 21 May 2024

Background

  • Most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis
  • Often preceded by URI (usually adenovirus)

Clinical Features

Conjunctivitis with limbus sparing
Viral conjunctitivis lateral view with limbus sparing.
  • Complaint of "red eye" with mild-moderate, watery discharge
  • Usually painless unless there is some degree of keratitis
  • Often one eye will be involved initially with other eye involved within days
  • Unilateral or bilateral conjunctival injection with perilimbal sparing
  • Chemosis and subconjunctival hemorrhages may be present
  • Preauricular lymphadenitis (adenovirus)

Differential Diagnosis

Conjunctivitis Types

Evaluation

  • Slit lamp
    • Follicles on inferior palpebral conjunctival
    • Mild, punctate fluorescein staining of cornea (occasional)
      • Must differentiate from herpetic dendrite

Clinical diagnosis of conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis
Bacterial Viral Allergic
Bilateral 50% 25% Mostly
Discharge Mucopurulent Clear, Watery Cobblestoning, none
Redness Yes Yes Yes
Pruritis Rarely Rarely Yes
Additional Treatment: Antibiotics Treatment: Hygiene Seasonal

Management

  1. Artificial tears 5-6x per day
  2. Naphazoline/pheniramine 0.025%/0.3% drops 4x daily
  3. Cold compresses
  4. Consider topical antibiotic if unable to differentiate from bacterial conjunctivitis
  5. Frequent hand-washing (highly contagious)

Disposition

  • Follow-up with ophtho if worsening or no improvement in 7 days
  • Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious. Patients may return to work or school after discharge from eye(s) has resolved. Advise good hygiene practices and avoid close contact with very old, very young, or other immunocompromised individuals.

See Also

References