Pentamidine: Difference between revisions
(Replace manual dosing with dynamic SMW tables (Adult + Pediatric)) |
(Remove refs with incorrect PMIDs (verified against PubMed)) Tag: Manual revert |
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==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*PCP treatment, mod-severe: 4mg/kg IV/IM QD x21 days | |||
**Not 1st-line agent; may consider decreasing dose to 3mg/kg IV/IM QD if toxicities occur | |||
*PCP prophylaxis: 300mg NEB q4wk | |||
**Not 1st-line agent; use injectable product via nebulizer; reconstitute 1 vial with 6 mL sterile water; do not mix with other nebulized meds | |||
**Off label use | |||
===Indications by Disease=== | ===Indications by Disease=== | ||
{{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Pentamidine]] [[Has Population::Adult]] | {{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Pentamidine]] [[Has Population::Adult]] | ||
|?Treats disease=Disease | |?Treats disease=Disease | ||
|?Has Dose=Dose | |?Has Dose=Dose | ||
|?Has Context=Context | |?Has Context=Context | ||
|format=table | |format=table | ||
|limit=50 | |limit=50 | ||
|mainlabel=- | |mainlabel=- | ||
|headers=show | |headers=show | ||
|sort=Treats disease | |sort=Treats disease | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*PCP treatment [for >4 mo]: 4mg/kg IV/IM QD x21 days | |||
**Not 1st-line agent | |||
**Consider decreasing dose to 3mg/kg IV/IM QD if toxicities occur | |||
**Switch to PO regimen to complete course if improvement after 7-10 days | |||
*PCP prophylaxis [>5 yo]: 300mg NEB q4wk | |||
**Not 1st-line agent | |||
**Use injectable product via nebulizer; reconstitute 1 vial with 6 mL sterile water | |||
**Do not mix with other nebulized meds | |||
**Off label use | |||
===Indications by Disease=== | ===Indications by Disease=== | ||
{{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Pentamidine]] [[Has Population::Pediatric]] | {{#ask: [[Has DrugName::Pentamidine]] [[Has Population::Pediatric]] | ||
|?Treats disease=Disease | |?Treats disease=Disease | ||
|?Has Dose=Dose | |?Has Dose=Dose | ||
|?Has Context=Context | |?Has Context=Context | ||
|format=table | |format=table | ||
|limit=50 | |limit=50 | ||
|mainlabel=- | |mainlabel=- | ||
|headers=show | |headers=show | ||
|sort=Treats disease | |sort=Treats disease | ||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 10:24, 22 March 2026
Administration
- Type: Antifungal Agent; Antiprotozoal
- Routes of Administration: IM, IV
- Common Trade Names: Pentam
Adult Dosing
- PCP treatment, mod-severe: 4mg/kg IV/IM QD x21 days
- Not 1st-line agent; may consider decreasing dose to 3mg/kg IV/IM QD if toxicities occur
- PCP prophylaxis: 300mg NEB q4wk
- Not 1st-line agent; use injectable product via nebulizer; reconstitute 1 vial with 6 mL sterile water; do not mix with other nebulized meds
- Off label use
Indications by Disease
| Disease | Dose | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia | 4mg/kg IV daily over 60 min | Severe disease |
Pediatric Dosing
- PCP treatment [for >4 mo]: 4mg/kg IV/IM QD x21 days
- Not 1st-line agent
- Consider decreasing dose to 3mg/kg IV/IM QD if toxicities occur
- Switch to PO regimen to complete course if improvement after 7-10 days
- PCP prophylaxis [>5 yo]: 300mg NEB q4wk
- Not 1st-line agent
- Use injectable product via nebulizer; reconstitute 1 vial with 6 mL sterile water
- Do not mix with other nebulized meds
- Off label use
Indications by Disease
| Disease | Dose | Context |
|---|---|---|
| Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia | 4mg/kg IV daily x 21 days | Pediatric Severe, TMP/SMX intolerant |
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Risk Factor C
Renal Dosing
- CrCl <10: give q24-36h
- HD: give 750mg supplement
- PD: no supplement
Hepatic Dosing
- Caution advised with hepatic impairment
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- congenital long QT syndrome
- electrolyte abnormalities, uncorrected
- caution if QT prolongation
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- extravasation/tissue damage
- hypoglycemia
- hyperglycemia
- diabetes mellitus
- pancreatitis
- nephrotoxicity
Common
- renal dysfunction
- BUN, creatinine elevated
- injection site necrosis
- leukopenia
- transaminitis
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2-4 weeks
- Metabolism: Liver
- Excretion: Urine
Mechanism of Action
protozocidal - interferes with nuclear metabolism
Comments
See Also
References
<Epocrates, UpToDate>