Superficial thrombophlebitis: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
Superficial thrombophlebitis is also known as "superficial venous thrombosis" and mainly involves symptomatic control. The disease is categorized into 4 main types:<ref>Nasr H, Scriven JM. Superficial thrombophlebitis (superficial venous thrombosis). BMJ. 2015;350:h2039. doi:10.1136/bmj.h2039.</ref> | Superficial thrombophlebitis is also known as "superficial venous thrombosis" and mainly involves symptomatic control. It is more likely in patients with varicose veins<ref>Leon L et al. Clinical significance of superficial vein thrombosis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2005;29:10-17.</ref> Associated DVT usually only occurs at the junctions with deep venous system such as the groin<ref>Bergqvist D, Jaroszewski H. Deep vein thrombosis in patients with superficial | ||
thrombophlebitis of the leg. BMJ 1986;292:658-9.</ref> | |||
The disease is categorized into 4 main types:<ref>Nasr H, Scriven JM. Superficial thrombophlebitis (superficial venous thrombosis). BMJ. 2015;350:h2039. doi:10.1136/bmj.h2039.</ref> | |||
#'''Sterile thrombophlebitis''' | #'''Sterile thrombophlebitis''' | ||
#*No infectious association | #*No infectious association | ||
| Line 6: | Line 9: | ||
#*Associated with limb injury from blunt trauma, IV catheters or chemical treatment | #*Associated with limb injury from blunt trauma, IV catheters or chemical treatment | ||
#'''Infection thrombophlebitis''' | #'''Infection thrombophlebitis''' | ||
#*Associated with prolonged IVs and is the only | #*Associated with prolonged IVs and is the only thrombophlebitis to require antibiotics | ||
#'''Migratory thrombophlebitis''' | #'''Migratory thrombophlebitis''' | ||
#*Recurrent in multiple differing sites and often associated with malignancies | #*Recurrent in multiple differing sites and often associated with malignancies | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
The differential depends on the location of the thrombophlebitis. | The differential depends on the location of the thrombophlebitis. | ||
{{Calf pain DDX}} | {{Calf pain DDX}} | ||
==Upper Extremity== | ===Upper Extremity Pain=== | ||
{{Upper extremity swelling DDX}} | {{Upper extremity swelling DDX}} | ||
===Groin Pain=== | |||
{{Groin Pain DDX}} | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
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*Minimal limb swelling | *Minimal limb swelling | ||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*NSAIDS for local pain | |||
*Antibiotics are only needed if there is an associated cellulitis or obvious infection | |||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[DVT]] | |||
*[[Cellulitis]] | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
Revision as of 13:26, 10 December 2015
Background
Superficial thrombophlebitis is also known as "superficial venous thrombosis" and mainly involves symptomatic control. It is more likely in patients with varicose veins[1] Associated DVT usually only occurs at the junctions with deep venous system such as the groin[2]
The disease is categorized into 4 main types:[3]
- Sterile thrombophlebitis
- No infectious association
- Traumatic superficial thrombophlebitis
- Associated with limb injury from blunt trauma, IV catheters or chemical treatment
- Infection thrombophlebitis
- Associated with prolonged IVs and is the only thrombophlebitis to require antibiotics
- Migratory thrombophlebitis
- Recurrent in multiple differing sites and often associated with malignancies
Differential Diagnosis
The differential depends on the location of the thrombophlebitis.
Calf pain
- Achilles tendon rupture
- Calcaneal bursitis
- Cellulitis
- Compartment syndrome
- Deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
- Distal leg fractures
- Gastrocnemius strain
- Ruptured popliteal cyst (Bakers cyst)
- Superficial thrombophlebitis
Upper Extremity Pain
Upper extremity swelling
- Cellulitis
- Deep venous thrombosis
- Lymphatic obstruction
- Necrotizing fasciitis
- Superficial thrombophlebitis
- SVC Syndrome
- Thoracic outlet obstruction/Pancoast tumor
Groin Pain
Groin pain
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is purely clinical.
Signs and Symptoms
- Pain and discoloration to affected area
- Redness affected superficial vein
- Tender and hard vein on palpation
- Minimal limb swelling
Management
- NSAIDS for local pain
- Antibiotics are only needed if there is an associated cellulitis or obvious infection
Disposition
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Leon L et al. Clinical significance of superficial vein thrombosis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2005;29:10-17.
- ↑ Bergqvist D, Jaroszewski H. Deep vein thrombosis in patients with superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg. BMJ 1986;292:658-9.
- ↑ Nasr H, Scriven JM. Superficial thrombophlebitis (superficial venous thrombosis). BMJ. 2015;350:h2039. doi:10.1136/bmj.h2039.