Inhalant abuse: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
* First described in the 1950s | *First described in the 1950s | ||
* Most common abusant in preteens 11-13yo | *Most common abusant in preteens 11-13yo | ||
* Most abused: gasoline, solvents like toluene, spray paints, lighter fluid, air fresheners, glue, and electronic cleaners (halogenated hydrocarbons) | *Most abused: gasoline, solvents like toluene, spray paints, lighter fluid, air fresheners, glue, and electronic cleaners (halogenated hydrocarbons) | ||
* Includes: "sniffing", "huffing", "bagging", and "dusting" | *Includes: "sniffing", "huffing", "bagging", and "dusting" | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
* | *General: Euphoria, hallucinations | ||
* Neuro: | *Neuro: Impaired motor activity, ataxia, depressed mentation, withdrawal potential | ||
* Cardiac: | *Cardiac: Widened QRS, prolonged QT, syncope, arrhythmias | ||
* May cause dermal burns | *Skin: May cause dermal burns | ||
* "Sudden sniffing death" - thought to be occur with sudden | *"Sudden sniffing death" - thought to be occur with sudden catecholamine surge on a "sensitized" myocardium | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
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==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
*Generally a clinical diagnosis. | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*If | *Supportive care | ||
*If founded down with sudden death with history of recent inhalant abuse → give beta-blocker (propanolol, esmolol) | |||
**Thought to counteract myocardial sensitization | |||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Based on patient's clinical status. | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Tox]] | [[Category:Tox]] | ||
Revision as of 09:13, 27 February 2016
Background
- First described in the 1950s
- Most common abusant in preteens 11-13yo
- Most abused: gasoline, solvents like toluene, spray paints, lighter fluid, air fresheners, glue, and electronic cleaners (halogenated hydrocarbons)
- Includes: "sniffing", "huffing", "bagging", and "dusting"
Clinical Features
- General: Euphoria, hallucinations
- Neuro: Impaired motor activity, ataxia, depressed mentation, withdrawal potential
- Cardiac: Widened QRS, prolonged QT, syncope, arrhythmias
- Skin: May cause dermal burns
- "Sudden sniffing death" - thought to be occur with sudden catecholamine surge on a "sensitized" myocardium
Differential Diagnosis
Drugs of abuse
- 25C-NBOMe
- Alcohol
- Amphetamines
- Bath salts
- Cocaine
- Ecstasy
- Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
- Heroin
- Inhalant abuse
- Hydrocarbon toxicity
- Difluoroethane (electronics duster)
- Marijuana
- Kratom
- Phencyclidine (PCP)
- Psilocybin ("magic mushrooms")
- Synthetic cannabinoids
- Chloral hydrate
- Body packing
Diagnosis
- Generally a clinical diagnosis.
Management
- Supportive care
- If founded down with sudden death with history of recent inhalant abuse → give beta-blocker (propanolol, esmolol)
- Thought to counteract myocardial sensitization
Disposition
- Based on patient's clinical status.