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| ==Stroke Syndromes==
| | #REDIRECT[[Stroke (main)]] |
| ===Anterior Circulation===
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| *Blood supply via internal carotid system
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| *Includes [[Stroke_(Main)#Anterior_Cerebral_Artery_.28ACA.29|ACA]] and [[Stroke_(Main)#Middle_Cerebral_Artery_.28MCA.29|MCA]]
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| ====Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)====
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| '''Signs and Symptoms:'''
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| *Contralateral sensory and motor symptoms in the lower extremity (sparing hands/face)
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| *Left sided lesion: akinetic mutism, transcortical motor aphasia
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| *Right sided lesion: Confusion, motor hemineglect
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| ====Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)====
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| '''Signs and Symptoms:'''
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| *Hemiparesis, facial plegia, sensory loss contralateral to affected cortex
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| *Motor deficits found more commonly in face and upper extremity than lower extremity
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| *Dominant hemisphere involved: aphasia
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| *Nondominant hemisphere involved: inattention, neglect, dysarthria without aphasia
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| *Homonymous hemianopsia and gaze preference toward side of infarct may also be seen
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| ===Posterior circulation===
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| *Blood supply via the vertebral vertebral artery
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| *Branches include, [[Stroke_(Main)#Basilar_artery|Basilar artery]], [[Stroke_(Main)#Posterior_Cerebral_Artery_.28PCA.29|PCA]] and [[Stroke_(Main)#Posteroinferior_Cerebellar_Artery_.28PICA.29|PICA]]
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| '''Signs and Symptoms:'''
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| *Crossed neuro deficits (i.e., ipsilateral CN deficits w/ contralateral motor weakness)
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| *Multiple, simultaneous complaints are the rule
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| *Vertigo, headache, nausea, visual disturbances, oculomotor palsies, ataxia
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| *Isolated events are not attributable to vertebral occlusive disease (e.g. isolated lightheadedness, vertigo, transient ALOC, drop attacks)
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| ====Basilar artery====
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| '''Signs and Symptoms:'''
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| *Quadriplegia, coma, locked-in syndrome
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| ====Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA)====
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| '''Signs and Symptoms:'''
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| *Unilateral headache (most common presenting complaint)
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| *Visual field defects (contralateral homonymous hemianopsia, unilateral blindness)
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| *Motor function is typically minimally affected
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| ====Posteroinferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)====
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| '''Signs and Symptoms:'''
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| *Vertigo, gait instability, limb ataxia, Headache, dysarthria, Nausea and Vomitting, [[Cranial Nerve]] abnormalities
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| [[Neurology]]
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