Albuterol: Difference between revisions
(Created page with "==General== *Type: *Dosage Forms: *Common Trade Names: ==Adult Dosing== ==Pediatric Dosing== ==Special Populations== *Pregnancy Rating: *Lac...") |
(Switch SMW query from broadtable to table format for better layout with TOC) |
||
| (26 intermediate revisions by 9 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: | *Type: [[Beta-2 agonist]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: | *Dosage Forms: aerosol inhaler, liquid nebulized form, PO | ||
*Common Trade Names: | *Common Trade Names: ProAir HFA, Proventil, Ventolin HFA, ReliOn Ventolin HFA, Accuneb | ||
==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*Mild Asthma/COPD - 90mcg/inh via inhalation aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing | |||
*Mod/Severe Asthma/COPD exacerbation - 5mg Nebulized q15mins | |||
*[[Hyperkalemia]] (not-FDA approved) - 15-20mg Nebulized | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*Mild asthma exacerbation - 1-2 puffs of 90mcg/inh via inhaled aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing | |||
*Mod/Severe asthma exacerbation - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins | |||
*Wheezing - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins | |||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: C | ||
*Lactation: | *[[Lactation Risk Categories]]: Probably safe | ||
*Renal Dosing | *Renal Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult: no adjustment | ||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric: no adjustment | ||
*Hepatic Dosing | *Hepatic Dosing | ||
**Adult | **Adult: not defined | ||
**Pediatric | **Pediatric: not defined | ||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
*caution if ischemic heart disease | |||
*caution if hypertension | |||
*caution if arrhythmias | |||
*caution if hypokalemia | |||
*caution if diabetes mellitus | |||
*caution if seizure disorder | |||
*caution if hyperthyroidism | |||
*caution if pheochromocytoma | |||
*caution if pregnancy | |||
*caution if elderly patients | |||
==Adverse Reactions== | ==Adverse Reactions== | ||
===Serious=== | ===Serious=== | ||
*[[Hypersensitivity reaction]] | |||
*Bronchospasm (paradoxical) | |||
*[[Arrhythmias]] | |||
*[[Elevated blood pressure]] | |||
*[[Angina]] | |||
*[[Hypokalemia]] | |||
*[[Lactic acidosis]] | |||
**Due to enhancing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis | |||
===Common=== | ===Common=== | ||
*[[Tremor]] | |||
*[[Anxiety]] | |||
*[[Tachycardia]] | |||
*[[Palpitations]] | |||
*[[Headache]] | |||
*[[Dizziness]] | |||
*[[Nausea]] | |||
*[[Muscle cramps]] | |||
*[[Insomnia]] | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
*Half-life: | *Half-life: 2.7-6h | ||
*Metabolism: | *Metabolism: liver, CYP450 | ||
*Excretion: | *Excretion: urine primarily, feces | ||
*Mechanism of Action: | *Mechanism of Action: stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, relaxing airway smooth muscle | ||
==Indications by Condition== | |||
''The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.'' | |||
{{#ask:[[Has DrugName::Albuterol]] | |||
|?Has Indication=Indication | |||
|?Has Dose=Dose | |||
|?Has Context=Context | |||
|?Has Route=Route | |||
|?Has Population=Population | |||
|format=table | |||
|headers=plain | |||
|mainlabel=- | |||
|sort=Has Indication | |||
|limit=50 | |||
}} | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
==References== | |||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category: | |||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] [[Category:Pulmonary]] | |||
Latest revision as of 21:55, 20 March 2026
General
- Type: Beta-2 agonist
- Dosage Forms: aerosol inhaler, liquid nebulized form, PO
- Common Trade Names: ProAir HFA, Proventil, Ventolin HFA, ReliOn Ventolin HFA, Accuneb
Adult Dosing
- Mild Asthma/COPD - 90mcg/inh via inhalation aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing
- Mod/Severe Asthma/COPD exacerbation - 5mg Nebulized q15mins
- Hyperkalemia (not-FDA approved) - 15-20mg Nebulized
Pediatric Dosing
- Mild asthma exacerbation - 1-2 puffs of 90mcg/inh via inhaled aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing
- Mod/Severe asthma exacerbation - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins
- Wheezing - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation Risk Categories: Probably safe
- Renal Dosing
- Adult: no adjustment
- Pediatric: no adjustment
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult: not defined
- Pediatric: not defined
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- caution if ischemic heart disease
- caution if hypertension
- caution if arrhythmias
- caution if hypokalemia
- caution if diabetes mellitus
- caution if seizure disorder
- caution if hyperthyroidism
- caution if pheochromocytoma
- caution if pregnancy
- caution if elderly patients
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Hypersensitivity reaction
- Bronchospasm (paradoxical)
- Arrhythmias
- Elevated blood pressure
- Angina
- Hypokalemia
- Lactic acidosis
- Due to enhancing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
Common
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2.7-6h
- Metabolism: liver, CYP450
- Excretion: urine primarily, feces
- Mechanism of Action: stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, relaxing airway smooth muscle
Indications by Condition
The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.
| Indication | Dose | Context | Route | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute asthma exacerbation | 2.5-5 mg nebulized q20min x3, then 2.5-10 mg q1-4hr PRN; or continuous 0.5 mg/kg/hr (max 15 mg/hr) | Bronchodilator (1st line) | Nebulized | Adult |
| Acute asthma exacerbation | 6-12 puffs MDI q20min up to 4h, then q1-4hr PRN | Bronchodilator (MDI alternative) | MDI | Adult |
| Acute asthma exacerbation | 0.15 mg/kg (min 2.5 mg) nebulized q20min x3, then 0.15-0.3 mg/kg q1-4h PRN; or continuous 0.5 mg/kg/hr | Bronchodilator (pediatric) | Nebulized | Pediatric |
| Acute asthma exacerbation (peds) | 2.5-5mg nebulized q20min x3 (intermittent) or 0.5mg/kg/hr continuous (max 15mg/hr) | First-line bronchodilator | Nebulized | Pediatric |
| Chloramine | 2.5-5mg nebulized q20min or continuous | Bronchospasm | Nebulized | Adult |