Albuterol: Difference between revisions
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Latest revision as of 21:55, 20 March 2026
General
- Type: Beta-2 agonist
- Dosage Forms: aerosol inhaler, liquid nebulized form, PO
- Common Trade Names: ProAir HFA, Proventil, Ventolin HFA, ReliOn Ventolin HFA, Accuneb
Adult Dosing
- Mild Asthma/COPD - 90mcg/inh via inhalation aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing
- Mod/Severe Asthma/COPD exacerbation - 5mg Nebulized q15mins
- Hyperkalemia (not-FDA approved) - 15-20mg Nebulized
Pediatric Dosing
- Mild asthma exacerbation - 1-2 puffs of 90mcg/inh via inhaled aerosol q4hrs PRN wheezing
- Mod/Severe asthma exacerbation - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins
- Wheezing - 2.5mg nebulized q20mins
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: C
- Lactation Risk Categories: Probably safe
- Renal Dosing
- Adult: no adjustment
- Pediatric: no adjustment
- Hepatic Dosing
- Adult: not defined
- Pediatric: not defined
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- caution if ischemic heart disease
- caution if hypertension
- caution if arrhythmias
- caution if hypokalemia
- caution if diabetes mellitus
- caution if seizure disorder
- caution if hyperthyroidism
- caution if pheochromocytoma
- caution if pregnancy
- caution if elderly patients
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- Hypersensitivity reaction
- Bronchospasm (paradoxical)
- Arrhythmias
- Elevated blood pressure
- Angina
- Hypokalemia
- Lactic acidosis
- Due to enhancing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
Common
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2.7-6h
- Metabolism: liver, CYP450
- Excretion: urine primarily, feces
- Mechanism of Action: stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, relaxing airway smooth muscle
Indications by Condition
The following table is automatically generated from disease/condition pages across WikEM.
| Indication | Dose | Context | Route | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute asthma exacerbation | 2.5-5 mg nebulized q20min x3, then 2.5-10 mg q1-4hr PRN; or continuous 0.5 mg/kg/hr (max 15 mg/hr) | Bronchodilator (1st line) | Nebulized | Adult |
| Acute asthma exacerbation | 6-12 puffs MDI q20min up to 4h, then q1-4hr PRN | Bronchodilator (MDI alternative) | MDI | Adult |
| Acute asthma exacerbation | 0.15 mg/kg (min 2.5 mg) nebulized q20min x3, then 0.15-0.3 mg/kg q1-4h PRN; or continuous 0.5 mg/kg/hr | Bronchodilator (pediatric) | Nebulized | Pediatric |
| Acute asthma exacerbation (peds) | 2.5-5mg nebulized q20min x3 (intermittent) or 0.5mg/kg/hr continuous (max 15mg/hr) | First-line bronchodilator | Nebulized | Pediatric |
| Chloramine | 2.5-5mg nebulized q20min or continuous | Bronchospasm | Nebulized | Adult |