Valvular emergencies: Difference between revisions

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==DDx==
==Differential Diagnosis==
#[[Mitral Stenosis]]
{{Valvular emergencies DDX}}
#[[Mitral Regurgitation]]


==See Also==
*[[Heart Murmurs]]


==Aortic Stenosis==
==References==
===Diagnosis===
<references/>
*Dyspnea, CP, syncope
**Once symptoms present mean surival is 2-3yr
*Late systolic murmur radiating to carotids
*Pulsus parvus et tardus
*Narrowed pulse pressure
===Treatment===
*Admission
*Avoid BBs, CCBs
*Afterload reduction is controversial
**Consider cards consult
*AS + A-fib = emergency
**Consider emergent cardioversion
*Pulm edema
**Diuretics, intubation if necessary
**Extreme caution with use of nitrates/vasodilators
 
==Aortic Regurgitation==
*Causes
**Endocarditis
**Aortic dissection
**Blunt chest trauma
===Diagnosis===
*Pulmonary edema
*Wide pulse pressure
*Dyspnea
*Hypotension (may progress to cardiogenic shock)
*Diastolic murmur heard immediately after S2
*CXR
**Pulmonary edema w/o cardiac enlargement
===Treatment===
*Immediate surgical intervention
*Reduce afterload
**Nitroprusside
*Diuretics and nitrates don't work
*Don't use beta blockers (block compensatory tachycardia)
 
==See Also==
[[Heart Murmurs]]


==Source==
Tintinalli


[[Category:Cards]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]

Latest revision as of 18:26, 14 December 2022