Rhinovirus: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Most common cause for the common cold | *Most common cause for the common cold, especially during spring/summer/fall | ||
*Adapted to grow in temperatures between 33–35 °C (91–95 °F) which are found in the nose <ref>Jacobs SE, Lamson DM, George KS, and Walsh TJ. Human rhinoviruses. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. Jan 2013; 26(1): 135-162.</ref> | |||
*Among the smallest viruses, ssRNA | |||
*Transmitted via respiratory droplets or contact either direct or through fomite | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*[[Common cold]]/URI | |||
*[[Sinusitis]] | |||
*[[Acute otitis media]] | |||
*Exacerbations of chronic pulmonary disease | |||
*[[Bronchiolitis]] in infants/children | |||
*[[Pneumonia]] in elderly and immunocompromised adults | |||
*[[Croup]], less common than parainfluenza | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
Viral respiratory illness also caused by: | |||
*Adenovirus | |||
*Coronaviruses | |||
*Influenza viruses (predominant during winter months) | |||
*Parainfluenza viruses | |||
*Enteroviruses | |||
*Human metapneumoviruses | |||
*RSV | |||
==Evaluation== | ==Evaluation== | ||
*Clinical diagnosis | |||
*PCR testing available | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*Supportive care only | |||
*No vaccine available | |||
*Prevention through "social distancing", respiratory masks, and hand hygiene | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Upper respiratory infection]] | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
Latest revision as of 02:39, 15 August 2016
Background
- Most common cause for the common cold, especially during spring/summer/fall
- Adapted to grow in temperatures between 33–35 °C (91–95 °F) which are found in the nose [1]
- Among the smallest viruses, ssRNA
- Transmitted via respiratory droplets or contact either direct or through fomite
Clinical Features
- Common cold/URI
- Sinusitis
- Acute otitis media
- Exacerbations of chronic pulmonary disease
- Bronchiolitis in infants/children
- Pneumonia in elderly and immunocompromised adults
- Croup, less common than parainfluenza
Differential Diagnosis
Viral respiratory illness also caused by:
- Adenovirus
- Coronaviruses
- Influenza viruses (predominant during winter months)
- Parainfluenza viruses
- Enteroviruses
- Human metapneumoviruses
- RSV
Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis
- PCR testing available
Management
- Supportive care only
- No vaccine available
- Prevention through "social distancing", respiratory masks, and hand hygiene
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Jacobs SE, Lamson DM, George KS, and Walsh TJ. Human rhinoviruses. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. Jan 2013; 26(1): 135-162.