Neonatal rashes: Difference between revisions

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===Erythema Toxicum===
''This page is for neonatal patients; for other age groups see [[general approach to rashes]] and [[pediatric rashes]]''
*Benign, self-limited (1wk) rash that occurs in 50% of newborns
==Background==
*Erythematous macules develop on face, trunk, extremities
{{Skin anatomy background images}}
*No treatment necessary
{{Primary derm lesions names}}
===Neonatal Acne===
 
*Occurs around 3rd week of life
==Clinical Features==
*Commonly on face, may also see on trunk
*This page encompasses a wide range of neonatal rashes
*No treatment necessary (resolves by 3rd month of life)
 
===Seborrheic Dermatitis===
==Differential Diagnosis==
*Starts between 2-6wk of life; improves by 6 months
{{Neonatal rashes DDX}}
*Greasy yellow-red scales
 
*Proclivity for scalp (cradlecap), but may find around ears, cheeks, neck
==Evaluation==
*Not pruritic
{{Neonatal rashes images}}
*DDX
 
**Atopic dermatitis, tinea capitis, psoriasis
==Management==
*Treatment
 
**Salicylic acid shampoo (Sebulex) OR
==Disposition==
**Application of mineral oil followed by washing and removal of scales w/ comb
===Atopic Dermatitis===
*Must distinguish from seborrheic dermatitis
**Occurs between 2-6mo (somewhat later than seborrheic dermatitis)
**Pruritic (may manifest as fussiness) vs seborrheic (not pruritic)
*Dry skin, erythematous papular lesions
*Face most commonly involved; nose and diaper areas spared
*DDX
**Seborrheic dermatitis, scabies
*Treatment
**Identify and eliminate triggers
**Reduce drying of skin
**Liberal application of emollients (vaseline)
===Diaper Dermatitis===
*Contact dermatitis VS candidal dermatitis
*Contact dermatitis
**Erythematous, macular or papular, w/ well demarcated borders
**Treatment
***Good hygiene, air drying, use of barrier creams (zinc oxide)
*Candidal dermatitis
**Erythematous w/ papular and pustular lesions and scaling around margins
**Classic finding is "satellite lesions"
**Must examine for oral thrush
***If present: Oral nystatin 2mL QID infants, 4-6mL QID children
****Administer for up to 2d after resolution of oral lesions
**Treatment
***Nystatin cream 100K U/gram TID x10-14d
***If use zinc oxide must apply after nystatin
***Hydrocortisone 1-2% after nystatin, before zinc oxide, may be used for severe lesions


==See Also==
==See Also==
[[Rashes (Peds)]]
*[[Pediatric Rashes]]


[[Category:Derm]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Peds]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Symptoms]]

Latest revision as of 17:26, 11 December 2024

This page is for neonatal patients; for other age groups see general approach to rashes and pediatric rashes

Background

Normal dermal anatomy.

Dermatology Nomenclature

Small lesions (<0.5cm)

Name Raised/Palpable Fluid-Filled Other Description Diagram
Macule No None flat, cirumscribed, colored Macule.png
Papule Yes None Solid Papule.png
Vesicle Yes Clear Vesicles (2).png
Pustule Yes Pus Leukocytes or keratin Pustules.png

Large lesions (>0.5cm)

Name Raised/Palpable Fluid-Filled Other Description Diagram
Patch No None Large macule (flat, colored) Patch.png
Plaque Yes None Superficially raised, circumscribed solid area Plaque.png
Nodule Yes None Distinct large papule Nodules.png.png
Bulla Yes Clear Large vesicle/blister or exposed epidermal layer Bulla.png
Wheal Yes Edema Firm and edema of dermis

Other

Ulcer, fissue, and erosion

Clinical Features

  • This page encompasses a wide range of neonatal rashes

Differential Diagnosis

Neonatal Rashes

Evaluation

Neonatal rashes visual diagnosis

Management

Disposition

See Also

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