Vascular ring: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 05:48, 18 November 2017

Congenital anatomic abnormalities of the aortic arch → compression of the trachealbronchial tree and esophagus → respiratory and GI symptoms.
Accounts for 1-3 of congenital heart disease
Males have double the risk compared to females

Laryngotracheomalacia
- Accounts for 60%
- Usually exacerbated by viral URI
- Diagnosed with flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy
Vocal cord paralysis
- Stridor associated with feeding problems, hoarse voice, weak and/or changing cry
- May have cyanosis or apnea if bilateral (less common)
Subglottic stenosis
- Congenital vs secondary to prolonged intubation in premies
Airway hemangioma
- Usually regresses by age 5
- Associated with skin hemangiomas in beard distribution
Vascular ring/sling

Croup
- viral laryngotracheobronchitis
- 6 mo - 3 yr, peaks at 2 yrs
- Most severe on 3rd-4th day of illness
- Steeple sign not reliable- diagnose clinically
Epiglottitis
- H flu type B
  - Have higher suspicion in unvaccinated children
- Rapid onset sore throat, fever, drooling
- Difficult airway- call anesthesia/ ENT early
Bacterial tracheitis
- Rare but causes life-threatening obstruction
- Symptoms of croup + toxic-appearing = bacterial tracheitis
Foreign body (sudden onset)
- Marked variation in quality or pattern of stridor
Retropharyngeal abscess
- Fever, neck pain, dysphagia, muffled voice, drooling, neck stiffness/torticollis/extension

Authors:

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 ==Background==
-* Congenital anatomic abnormalities of the aortic arch --> compression of the trachealbronchial tree and esophagus --> respiratory and GI symptoms.
+* Congenital anatomic abnormalities of the aortic arch → compression of the trachealbronchial tree and esophagus → respiratory and GI symptoms.
 * Accounts for 1-3 of congenital heart disease
 * Males have double the risk compared to females