Rubella: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Rash of rubella on skin of child's back.JPG|thumb|Rubella]] | [[File:Rash of rubella on skin of child's back.JPG|thumb|Rubella]] | ||
*Prodrome 1-5d | *Prodrome 1-5d | ||
**Fever, malaise, headache, sore throat | **[[Fever]], malaise, [[headache]], [[sore throat]] | ||
*Rash | *[[Rash]] | ||
**May be short-lived or protracted (2-3d) | **May be short-lived or protracted (2-3d) | ||
**Pink macules/papules on face, spreads to neck, trunk, arms | **Pink macules/papules on face, spreads to neck, trunk, arms | ||
***Coalesces on face as it reaches the lower extremities | ***Coalesces on face as it reaches the lower extremities | ||
* | *Forschheimer spots: petechiae on hard/soft palate | ||
*Lymphadenopathy | *[[Lymphadenopathy]] | ||
**Suboccipital and posterior auricular nodes | **Suboccipital and posterior auricular nodes | ||
*Arthralgias, arthritis | *Arthralgias, arthritis | ||
Revision as of 16:14, 9 September 2019
Background
- Also known as "German measles"
- Incubation 2-3wk
Clinical Features
- Prodrome 1-5d
- Fever, malaise, headache, sore throat
- Rash
- May be short-lived or protracted (2-3d)
- Pink macules/papules on face, spreads to neck, trunk, arms
- Coalesces on face as it reaches the lower extremities
- Forschheimer spots: petechiae on hard/soft palate
- Lymphadenopathy
- Suboccipital and posterior auricular nodes
- Arthralgias, arthritis
- Rare complications
- Thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura
- Encephalitis
- Risk of severe congenital illness if fetus exposed to virus, especially in 1st trimester
Differential Diagnosis
Pediatric Rash
- Atopic dermatitis
- Bed bugs
- Contact dermatitis
- Drug rash
- Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Henoch-schonlein purpura (HSP)
- Herpangina
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Meningitis
- Measles
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Roseola infantum
- Rubella (German measles)
- Scabies
- Scarlet fever
- Smallpox
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
Evaluation
- Clinical history and lack of immunization usually sufficient for diagnosis
- CDC also recommends sending throat/nasal swabs for PCR[1]
Management
- Supportive care
- Isolation for 7 days after onset of rash[2]
- Contact health department