Hydrops fetalis: Difference between revisions
(Text replacement - "OR" to "'''OR'''") |
ClaireLewis (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
* | *Occurs during gestation, may be maternally asymptomatic or present as [[spontaneous abortion]], or patient (mother) may have sings/symptoms of pathology that caused hydrops | ||
*Fetal/neonatal edema is typically located in: | |||
**Subcutaneous tissue/scalp | **Subcutaneous tissue/scalp | ||
**Pleura (pleural effusion) | **Pleura ([[pleural effusion]]) | ||
**Pericardium (pericardial effusion) | **Pericardium ([[pericardial effusion]]) | ||
**Abdomen (ascites) | **Abdomen ([[ascites]]) | ||
==Immune== | ==Complications== | ||
*Spontaneous abortions | |||
*Poor fetal outcomes | |||
==Causes== | |||
===Immune=== | |||
*Rh disease | *Rh disease | ||
**RhD-negative mothers during pregnancy and/or within 72 hours of the delivery '''OR''' vaginal bleeding | **RhD-negative mothers during pregnancy and/or within 72 hours of the delivery '''OR''' vaginal bleeding | ||
**Prevention with administration of anti-D IgG (Rho(D) Immune Globulin) injections | **Prevention with administration of anti-D IgG ([[Rho(D) Immune Globulin]]) injections | ||
===Non-Immune=== | |||
==Non-Immune== | *Iron deficiency [[anemia]] | ||
*Iron | *[[Parvovirus B19]] (Fifth's Disease) | ||
*Parvovirus B19 (Fifth's Disease) | *[[CMV]] | ||
*CMV | *[[Syphilis]] | ||
* | |||
==Evaluation== | ==Evaluation== | ||
*Ultrasound screening | *[[pelvic ultrasound|Ultrasound]] screening | ||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
Latest revision as of 19:44, 3 October 2019
Background
- Accumulation of edema in at least two fetal compartments
- Usually stems from fetal anemia
- Immune vs Non-Immune
Clinical Features
- Occurs during gestation, may be maternally asymptomatic or present as spontaneous abortion, or patient (mother) may have sings/symptoms of pathology that caused hydrops
- Fetal/neonatal edema is typically located in:
- Subcutaneous tissue/scalp
- Pleura (pleural effusion)
- Pericardium (pericardial effusion)
- Abdomen (ascites)
Complications
- Spontaneous abortions
- Poor fetal outcomes
Causes
Immune
- Rh disease
- RhD-negative mothers during pregnancy and/or within 72 hours of the delivery OR vaginal bleeding
- Prevention with administration of anti-D IgG (Rho(D) Immune Globulin) injections
Non-Immune
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Parvovirus B19 (Fifth's Disease)
- CMV
- Syphilis
Evaluation
- Ultrasound screening
Management
- OBGYN Consultation/Referral
- Rh Status
- Iron for all pregnant women
Also See
References
- Uptodate
- Bellini C, Hennekam RC. Non-immune hydrops fetalis: a short review of etiology and pathophysiology. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:597.
- Haile-Mariam T, Polis MA: Viral Illnesses, in Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, et al (eds): Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice, ed. 7. St. Louis, Mosby, Inc., 2010, (Ch) 128: p.1712.