Laryngospasm: Difference between revisions
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===Causes=== | ===Causes=== | ||
*[[Ammonia toxicity]] | *[[Ammonia toxicity]] | ||
*Medications | *Medications | ||
**[[Ketamine]] | **[[Ketamine]] | ||
**[[Doxapram]] | |||
*[[Hypocalcemia]] | *[[Hypocalcemia]] | ||
**[[Hyperparathyroidism]] | |||
*[[Acute tetanus]] | *[[Acute tetanus]] | ||
*[[Ludwig's angina]] | *[[Ludwig's angina]] | ||
Revision as of 00:10, 27 November 2020
Background
- Associated with ketamine (0.3%)
- Usually associated with large doses or rapid IV push
Causes
- Ammonia toxicity
- Medications
- Hypocalcemia
- Acute tetanus
- Ludwig's angina
- Acute laryngospasm
- Submersion injury
- Pulmonary chemical agents
- Pepper spray
- Smoke inhalation injury
- Caustic cocktail
Clinical Features
Differential Diagnosis
Evaluation
Workup
- Typically not indicated
Diagnosis
- Typically a clinical diagnosis
Management
Apply pressure inwardly and anteriorly to the point labeled "Pressure Point" (Larson's Point) while applying a jaw thrust to relieve laryngospasm [1]
- Jaw thrust
- Place pressure on Larson's notch
- If jaw thrust and pressure are not sufficient, bag valve mask with PEEP
- If above do not resolve laryngospasm, sedate more deeply (propofol is the traditional choice, 0.5mg/kg)
- If deeper sedation does not resolve laryngospasm, paralyze and intubate
Disposition
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Larson CP Jr. Laryngospasm--the best treatment. Anesthesiology. 1998 Nov;89(5):1293-4. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199811000-00056. PMID: 9822036.