DKA

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📊 Corrected Sodium for Hyperglycemia Calculator [show]

Corrected Sodium

Corrected Sodium for Hyperglycemia
Parameter Value
Measured Sodium (mEq/L)
Serum Glucose (mg/dL)
Results
Corrected Na⁺ (Katz, 1.6 mEq per 100 mg/dL) mEq/L
Corrected Na⁺ (Hillier, 2.4 mEq per 100 mg/dL) mEq/L
References
  • Katz MA. Hyperglycemia-induced hyponatremia — calculation of expected serum sodium depression. N Engl J Med. 1973;289(16):843-844. PMID 4763428.
  • Hillier TA, Abbott RD, Barrett EJ. Hyponatremia: evaluating the correction factor for hyperglycemia. Am J Med. 1999;106(4):399-403. PMID 10225241.
  • Classic formula (Katz): Corrected Na = Measured Na + 1.6 × (Glucose − 100) / 100
  • Revised formula (Hillier): Corrected Na = Measured Na + 2.4 × (Glucose − 100) / 100 (preferred when glucose >400)
📊 Anion Gap Calculator [show]

Anion Gap

Anion Gap Calculator
Parameter Value
Sodium (Na⁺) mEq/L
Chloride (Cl⁻) mEq/L
Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) mEq/L
Albumin (g/dL) — optional, for correction
Results
Anion Gap mEq/L
Corrected AG (for albumin) mEq/L
Delta-Delta Ratio (ΔAG / ΔHCO₃)
Interpretation
AG <12 Normal anion gap — Consider non-AG metabolic acidosis (HARDUPS mnemonic).
AG ≥12 Elevated anion gap — Consider MUDPILES: Methanol, Uremia, DKA, Propylene glycol, Isoniazid/Iron, Lactic acidosis, Ethylene glycol, Salicylates.
Delta-Delta Ratio
<1 Concurrent non-AG metabolic acidosis (mixed).
1–2 Pure anion gap metabolic acidosis.
>2 Concurrent metabolic alkalosis (or pre-existing elevated HCO₃).
References
  • Kraut JA, Madias NE. Serum anion gap: its uses and limitations in clinical medicine. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;2:162-174. PMID 17699401.
  • Fenves AZ et al. Increased anion gap metabolic acidosis as a result of 5-oxoproline (pyroglutamic acid). Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2006;19:364-367.